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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi"/>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title xml:lang="hr">Nafta i Plin</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1330-2434</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub"/>
<publisher>
<publisher-name xml:lang="hr">Hrvatska udruga naftnih inženjera i geologa</publisher-name>
<publisher-name xml:lang="en">Croatian Association of Petroleum Engineers and Geologists</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>
Šubićeva 29, 10000 Zagreb
<email xlink:href="email@email.com">info@hunig.hr</email>
<ext-link xlink:href="webadresaizdavaca.com">hunig.hr</ext-link>
</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="hr">
<subject>Stručni rad</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="en">
<subject>Professional Paper</subject>

</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="hr">Pojava i suzbijanje asfaltenskih emulzija tijekom kiselinske obrade ležišta</article-title>
<trans-title-group>
<trans-title xml:lang="en">Occurrence and inhibition of asphaltene emulsions during acid treatments</trans-title>
</trans-title-group>
</title-group>
<!-- Glavni autor  -->
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">ORCID</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Marinović</surname>
<given-names>Slavica</given-names>
</name>
<email xlink:href="email@email.com">slavica.martinovic@ina.hr</email>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<aff>
<institution xml:lang="hr">INA - Industrija nafte d.d.</institution>
<institution xml:lang="en">INA - Industrija nafte d.d.</institution>
<addr-line>Av. Većeslava Holjevca 10, 10000, Zagreb</addr-line>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<!-- Autor Kontakt!  -->
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">ORCID</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Marinović</surname>
<given-names>Slavica</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="contrib" rid="cor1">*</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<aff>
<institution xml:lang="hr">INA - Industrija nafte d.d.</institution>
<institution xml:lang="en">INA - Industrija nafte d.d.</institution>
<addr-line>Av. Većeslava Holjevca 10, 10000, Zagreb</addr-line>
</aff>
</contrib-group>

<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">ORCID</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname></surname>
<given-names></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="contrib" rid="cor1">*</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref>
</contrib>
<aff>
<institution xml:lang="hr"></institution>
<institution xml:lang="en"></institution>
<addr-line></addr-line>
</aff>
</contrib-group>

<!-- Autor Dopisivanje!  -->
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">
<label>*</label>
Slavica Marinović, INA - Industrija nafte d.d., Av. Većeslava Holjevca 10, 10000, Zagreb
<email xlink:href="email@email.com">slavica.martinovic@ina.hr</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<!-- Datum izdavanja  -->
<pub-date>
<day>25</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<issue>163.-164.</issue>
<fpage>83</fpage>
<lpage>88</lpage>
<!-- Datum zaprimanja, prihvaćanja, recenzije  -->
<!-- <history>
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                    <month>MM</month>
                    <year>YYYY</year>
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<!-- Podatak o licenciji  -->
<!-- <<permissions>
                <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="URI licencije">
                    <license-p>Naziv licencije, npr. CC-BY</license-p>
                </license>
                <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="hr">
                    <license-p>Uvjeti korištenja (tekst) na hrvatskom</license-p>  
                </license>               
                <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en">
                    <license-p>Uvjeti korištenja (tekst) na engleskom</license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>  -->
<!-- Sažetak  -->
<abstract xml:lang="hr">
<p>Pojava asfaltenskih emulzija sve je češći problem tijekom kiselinske obrade ležišta. Mnogi kemijski procesi mogu uzrokovati stvaranje emulzija. Sve starija nafta polja u Republici Hrvatskoj kao i primjena sekundarnih i tercijarnih metoda pridobivanja nafte značajno povećavaju mogućnost stvaranja asfaltenskih emulzija. Ključni faktor, koji uvelike povećava mogućnost stvaranja emulzije je nafta s visokim udjelom asfaltena. U radu su opisani osnovni kemijski mehanizmi koji dovode do stvaranja asfaltenskih emulzija kao i postupci koji se primjenjuju kod suzbijanja njihovog  stvaranja kao što su: izbor odgovarajuće vrste kiseline, smanjenje koncentracije kiseline, predispiranje ležišta sa aromatskim organskim otapalom, kontrola iona željeza i odgovarajući aditivi za kiseline. 
</p>
</abstract>
<trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
<p>The occurrence of asphaltene sludge is an increasingly common problem that occurs during acid treatment of the reservoir. Many chemical processes caused the formation of sludge. Oilfields mature and secondary and tertiary methods in oilfield production in Croatia significantly increase the possibility of appearing asphaltene sludge. The sludging tendency of the oil increased with the concentration of asphaltenes. The paper describes the basic chemical mechanisms that lead to the formation of asphaltene sludge, as well as the methods used to control sludge: type of acid, reduction of acid concentration, pre-flushing of the reservoir with aromatic organic solvent, control of iron ions and appropriate acid additives.
</p>
</trans-abstract>
<!-- Ključne riječi  -->
<kwd-group xml:lang="hr">
<kwd>kiselinska obrada ležišta</kwd>
<kwd>asfaltenske emulzije</kwd>


</kwd-group>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<kwd>oilwell acidizing treatments</kwd>
<kwd>asphaltene sludge</kwd>



</kwd-group>
<!-- Podaci o projektu  -->
<!-- <funding-group>
                <award-group>
                    <funding-source source-type="acronym">Kratica</funding-source>
                    <funding-source source-type="project">Naziv projekta</funding-source>
                    <funding-source source-type="funding organization">Kratica financijera (EC, HRZZ, MZOS, MZO, ...)</funding-source>
                    <funding-source source-type="funding programme">Linija financiranja</funding-source>
                    <funding-source source-type="jurisdiction">Pravna nadleznost</funding-source>
                    <award-id>code</award-id>
                </award-group>
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<!-- Cjeloviti text  -->
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<sec sec-type="intro">
<label>Kiselinska obrada ležišta je jedna od najdjelotvornijih i najčešće primjenjivana metoda stimulacijskih radova tijekom kojih se djelovanjem kiselina na stijene uklanja njezino oštećenje u smislu smanjene propusnosti ili joj se povećava prirodna (mala) propusnost u neposrednom okolišu kanala bušotine. Otopine kiselina djeluju kao otapalo stijenskog materijala i čestica koje zapunjavaju porni prostor a potječu od radnih bušotinskih fluida ili pokretnih čestica stijena (Gaurina-Međimurac, 2004). 
Postupak kiselinske obrade, kao i dobiveni rezultati trebaju biti dizajnirani prema specifičnostima tretirane bušotine i litološkog sastava stijena kao i specifične prirode dobivenih ležišnih fluida. Interakcija između kiseline korištene tijekom kiselinske obrade i nafte u ležištu (ili podmazivača iz isplake - dizelsko gorivo) može uzrokovati dva osnovna mehanizma oštećenja ležišta, koja posljedično utječu i na učinkovitost kiselinske obrade ležišta. Ovi mehanizmi uključuju formiranje otpornih organskih taloga i izdvajanje asfaltenskih emulzija (engl. asphaltene sludge) uzrokovanih interakcijom s kiselinom. U ovom radu je detaljno opisan mehanizam i uzroci stvaranja asfaltenskih emulzija koju mogu nastati tijekom kiselinske obrade ležišta, kao i metode i postupci koji se koriste kao preventivne radnje ili načini uklanjanja već formiranih emulzija.

</label>
<p/>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods">
<label/>
<p/>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="results">
<label/>
<p/>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="discussion">
<label/>
<p/>
</sec>
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<p>
<graphic xlink:href="naftaiplin-83-88-g1.png"/>
<graphic xlink:href="naftaiplin-83-88-g2.png"/>




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</body>
<back>
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<!-- <ack xml:lang="hr">
                <title>Zahvale</title>
                <p>Tekst zahvale</p>
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<!--  Appendix/Dodatak  -->
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                    <title>Appendix</title>
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