Veterinarski arhiv 69 1

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VETERINARSKI ARHIV = 69 (1),=20 39-47, 1999

ISSN 1331-8055 = Online
ISSN=20 0372-5480 Printed in Croatia

Effect of = salinomycin on broiler=20 health

Farzana Rizvi* and = Ahmed Din Anjum=20

Department of = Veterinary=20 Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences,
University of Agriculture, = Faisalabad, Pakistan

* Contact address:
Dr. = Farzana=20 Rizvi,
Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary = Science,=20 University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan,
Phone: 92 41 25 91, =
E-mail: editor@pjbs.org

RIZVI, F., A. D. ANJUM: = Effect of=20 salinomycin on broiler health. Vet. arhiv 69, 39-47, 1999.

ABSTRACT =

Broilers (N=3D20 in each = of 4 groups)=20 kept under standard management conditions, were given various doses of=20 salinomycin over a period of 8 weeks. They showed no clinical signs = throughout=20 the study. Those receiving 60 ppm, 120 ppm or 180 ppm salinomycin had=20 significantly lesser body mass (P<0.001) than the control group. = There was a=20 significant negative correlation between dose of salinomycin and mass = gain in=20 broilers (r=3D-0.845, P<0.05). Cumulative feed conversion ratio (CFR) = during=20 this period was 2.21 in the control group compared with 3.251, 3.859 and = 4.161=20 in broilers, respectively, receiving 60 ppm, 120 ppm and 180 ppm = salinomycin in=20 feed. There was a positive correlation between FCR and the dose of = salinomycin=20 (r=3D0.973, P<0.001). Organ index of liver, proventriculus, = intestines and=20 caeca in salinomycin at 60 ppm and 120 ppm had a non-significant = influence on=20 gizzard, kidneys and heart, but at 180 ppm there were significantly = reduced=20 gizzard and kidney indices compared with the control (P<0.001). On = the other=20 hand, heart index was significantly higher in 180 ppm fed broilers = compared with=20 the control (P<0.001). Grossly and histologically visceral organs of = broilers=20 receiving various doses of salinomycin appeared normal.

Key words: = salinomycin,=20 broilers, health, feed conversion, body mass gain

Introduction =

Coccidiosis has remained = a common=20 problem in poultry (HAYAT and HAYAT, 1983; SIDDIQUE et al., 1987; ANJUM, = 1990;=20 MUNEER, 1997) although preventive medication is widely used for the = management=20 of coccidiosis. Feed manufacturing companies do not declare type and = quantity of=20 anticoccidial used. In the event of an outbreak, poultry farmers treat=20 coccidiosis using anticoccidial drugs such as sulfa and amprolium in = drinking=20 water and also some anticoccidial feed premix. The medication may = continue for=20 3-4 weeks. In this way, there is a likelihood of over-medication with=20 anticoccidial drugs.

The most commonly used = anticoccidial in=20 feed in Pakistan is salinomycin (HAYAT et al., 1996). It acts by = transporting=20 alkali metal ions which results in altered ionic gradients and disturbed = physiological processes in coccidia (KINASHI et al., 1973; PRESSMAN, = 1973, 1976;=20 REED and LARDY, 1972). Their toxicity at a high dietary level probably = relates=20 to disturbance of the metabolism of ions within the tissues of the host = animals.=20 In chicks not subject to coccidial infection, this drug may depress = growth when=20 given from 80 to 160 ppm in feed (MIGAKI and BABCOCK, 1979; MORRISON et = al.,=20 1979; YVORE et al., 1980).

Bearing in mind the = extensive use of=20 salinomycin in poultry, as well as the probability of prolonged = overmedication,=20 this project was designed to investigate the effects of salinomycin on = the=20 health of broilers.

Materials and methods=20

The effect of salinomycin = was studied=20 experimentally on health of broilers.

Eighty day-old broiler = chicks were=20 divided into four equal groups. The chicks in all groups were fed = commercial=20 broiler starter mash up to 4 weeks and broiler finisher ration = thereafter.=20 Chicks in group A served as control, chicks in groups B, C and D were = given=20 coxistac in feed, respectively, at 60 ppm (the recommended preventive = dose) 120=20 ppm and 180 ppm concentrations.

Live body mass and feed = consumption was=20 recorded weekly. Cumulative feed intake and feed conversion ratio was = calculated=20 at 8 weeks post-treatment. Ten birds were slaughtered at 8 weeks of age = for=20 ascertaining any effect of the drug on internal organs of the body. = Since organ=20 weight is directly related to body weight, organ index, i.e., per cent = mass of=20 the organ to body mass, was calculated to create uniformity and avoid = the=20 influence of variation in body weight. Organ index was calculated as = follows.=20

Organ index=3DSOrgan mass (g)/Live body mass (g)C=D7100

Clinical signs were = observed regularly=20 during the experiment and faecal examination was done for the presence = of=20 coccidial oocysts. Gross lesions were recorded at post-mortem on each=20 slaughtering. Samples of the organs, normal or morbid, were taken from = each=20 necropsied bird for histopathology. Tissue samples were fixed in 10 per = cent=20 buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 5-6 =B5m thick = and=20 stained with haematoxylin and eosine stains following procedures = described by=20 ANJUM (1980).

Results =

Clinical signs =

No clinical sign was = observed in=20 broilers receiving various doses of salinomycin in feed.

Faecal examination for = coccidial=20 oocysts

Faecal examination = remained negative=20 for coccidial oocysts throughout the study.

Live body mass =

Table 1 shows that = salinomycin=20 significantly depressed the live body mass of broilers. Broilers = receiving 60=20 ppm, 120 ppm and 180 ppm of salinomycin had a significantly lesser body = mass=20 than the control group (P<0.001), respectively, from the = 8^th,=20 6^th and 4^th week post-treatment.

Table 1. Effect of = salinomycin on=20 live body mass (g) of experimental broilers

Age (weeks) =	Control =	Doses of = salinomycin (ppm)=20
60 =	120 =	180 =
48 hours =	71.10=B13.64 =	71.80=B12.08 =	71.20=B13.94 =	62.10=B13.69 =
1	130.90=B17.85 =	141.20=B17.06 =	160.00=B17.62 =	129.80=B17.38 =
2	371.60=B112.58 =	426.90=B112.31 =	326.30=B113.45 =	295.60=B115.54 =
3	534.70=B123.64 =	527.80=B119.00 =	505.20=B110.59 =	434.90=B125.35 =
4	850.00=B134.76 =	870.00=B125.22 =	817.50=B142.50 =	680.00^a=B138.87=20
5	923.00=B158.27 =	947.00=B152.26 =	803.00=B136.89 =	770.00^a=B152.28=20
6	1162.00=B169.75 =	1065.00=B170.34 =	1010.00^a=B149.33=20	719.00^a=B155.13=20
7	1570.00=B180.69 =	1460.00=B175.57 =	1395.00^a=B182.82=20	895.00^a=B168.90=20
8	1995.00=B140.45 =	1770.00^a=B154.36=20	1845.00^a=B162.12=20	1010.00^a=B161.37=20

Each figure represents = mean=B1SEM of 10=20 chicks. Data subjected to analysis of variance revealed significant = differenc=20 between treatments.

^a-P<0.001 = compared with=20 the control group

Body mass gain in = broilers receiving 60=20 ppm, 120 ppm and 180 ppm of salinomycin, respectively, was 88.27%, 92.2% = and=20 49.3% of the control group. There was a significant negative correlation = between=20 the dose of salinomycin and body mass gain in broilers (r=3D-0.845, = P<0.05).=20

Feed intake and feed = conversion=20 ratio

Table 2 shows that = cumulative feed=20 intake at 8 weeks of study was 4408.9 g in the control group compared = with=20 5754.3 g, 7119 g and 4202 g in broilers given, respectively, 60 ppm, 120 = ppm and=20 180 ppm of salinomycin in feed.

Table 2. Effect of = salinomycin on=20 cumulative feed intake and cumulative feed conversion ratio (FCR) of=20 experimental broilers at 8 weeks post-treatment

	Control =	Doses of = salinomycin (ppm)=20
60 =	120 =	180 =
Feed intake (g) =	4408 =	5754 =	7119 =	4202 =
FCR (kg/kg) =	2.21 =	3.251 =	3.859 =	4.161=20

Cumulative feed = conversion ratio (FCR)=20 during this period was 2.21 in the control group compared with 3.251, = 3.859 and=20 4.161 in broilers, respectively, receiving 60 ppm, 120 ppm and 180 ppm = of=20 salinomycin in feed. There was a positive correlation between FCR and = the dose=20 of salinomicyn (r=3D0.973, P<0.001).

Mass of internal = organs=20

Organ indices are shown = in Table 3. The=20 difference in mass of liver, proventriculus, intestines and between the = control=20 and salinomycin treated birds was non-significant at all doses. = Salinomicyn at=20 60 ppm and 120 ppm had a non-significant influence on gizzard, kidneys = and=20 heart, but at 180 ppm salinomycin significantly reduced gizzard and = kidney=20 indices compared with the control (P<0.001). On the other hand, heart = index=20 was significantly higher in 180 ppm fed broilers compared with the = control=20 (P<0.001).

Table 3. Effect of = salinomycin on=20 organ indices of experimental broilers at 8 weeks post-treatment =

Organs =	Control =	Doses of = salinomycin (ppm)=20
60 =	120 =	180 =
Liver =	2.49=B10.12 =	2.02=B10.15 =	2.15=B10.09 =	2.49=B10.12 =
Gizzard =	2.49=B10.09 =	2.44=B10.11 =	2.50=B10.19 =	1.77^a=B10.08=20
Proventriculus =	0.39=B10.03 =	0.42=B10.02 =	0.45=B10.04 =	0.43=B10.05 =
Intestines =	2.78=B10.06 =	3.03=B10.16 =	3.05=B10.03 =	2.96=B10.14 =
Caeca =	0.49=B10.03 =	0.48=B10.03 =	0.45=B10.01 =	0.52=B10.04 =
Kidneys =	0.71=B10.03 =	0.76=B10.04 =	0.67=B10.03 =	0.56^a=B10.07=20
Heart =	0.41=B10.04 =	0.43=B10.02 =	0.42=B10.02 =	0.65^a=B10.05=20

Each figure represents = mean=B1SEM of 10=20 chicks. Data subjected to analysis of variance revealed significant = differenc=20 between treatments.

^a-P<0.001 = compared with=20 the control group

Gross and = histopathological lesions=20

Grossly and = histologically visceral=20 organs of broilers receiving various doses of salinomycin appeared = normal=20 throughout the study.

Discussion =

Salinomycin is an = inophore antibiotic=20 (KINASHI et al., 1973), used extensively in the prevention of = coccidiosis in=20 poultry. Clinically, no signs of any nature were seen in broilers = receiving 60=20 ppm, 120 ppm or 180 ppm of salinomycin in feed. DANFORTH et al. = (1977a,b),=20 MORRISON et al. (1979) and YVORE et al. (1980) also found that = salinomycin was=20 safe from 80 to 100 ppm. In turkeys, as little as 20-30 ppm salinomycin = in feed=20 caused difficult and uncoordinated movements and paralysis of leg and = neck=20 muscles, dyspnoe, diarrhoea and 13-65% mortality (GITHKOPOULOS and = LEKKAS, 1990;=20 POLNER and SALVI, 1994). This reflects a better tolerance of salinomicyn = in=20 chickens than in turkeys, which could be a species variation. =

Salinomycin at 60 ppm = reduced body mass=20 significantly from 8th week post-treatment (Table 1, P<0.001). This = indicates=20 that the prolonged use of salinomycin, even at the recommended dose for=20 prophylaxis of coccidiosis, suppresses growth. This is in agreement with = the=20 findings of GARD et al. (1975), HARMS and BURESH (1987), MAZURKIEWIEZ et = al.=20 (1989) and PROHASZKA and ROZSNYAI (1990). On the contrary, MIGAKI and = BABCOCK=20 (1979) observed a mass gain better than the control at 50 and 60 ppm of=20 salinomycin in broilers. Still other workers (KESHAVARZ and McDOUGALD, = 1982;=20 PERASON et al., 1990; STEINRUCK et al., 1992) observed that 40-80 ppm=20 Salinomicyn had no effect on body mass in broilers.

One of the factors = responsible for=20 variable reports on growth depression induced by therapeutic dose of = salinomycin=20 could be the involvement of the incompatibility of feed ingredients with = the=20 drug. As observed by PROHASZKA et al. (1987), the growth-depressing = effect of=20 salinomycin was increased when given in diet with a high saprophyte = count.=20 Bacterial count is usually very high under local conditions due to the = use of=20 fishmeal, poultry offal and feather meal, blood meal and bone meal, etc. = PROHASZKA et al. (1987) explained that saprophytic bacteria, during = excessive=20 multiplication in poultry feed, release metabolites of increased = bacterial=20 activity which enhance the toxicity of salinomycin and monensin. =

Salinomycin at higher = doses=20 significantly decreased the body mass of broilers in the present study = (Table 1,=20 P<0.001). The inverse correlation between dose of salinomycin and = body mass=20 gain in broilers (r=3D-0.845, P<0.05) further suggests that growth = suppression=20 was dose-dependent. Growth depression observed at higher doses (i.e., = 120 ppm=20 and 180 ppm) of salinomycin in broilers in the present study is = unequivocal=20 confirmation of many previous studies (MORRISON et al., 1979; MIKAGI and = BABCOCK, 1979; YVORE et al., 1980; KESHAVARZ and McDOUGALD, 1982; = KIRILLOV,=20 1985; DONEV et al., 1988; PERASON et al., 1990; STEINRUCK et al., 1992). =

In the present study, = feed intake was=20 less in salinomycin-treated broiler chicks than in the control. This was = also=20 accompanied by a poor feed conversion ratio. There was a significant = positive=20 correlation between feed conversion ratio and dose of salinomycin, which = shows=20 the dose-related effect of salinomycin. The decrease in feed intake = observed in=20 the present study is in line with the findings of some other workers, = who=20 observed reduced feed consumption and poor feed conversion ratios with=20 therapeutic doses of salinomycin (PAULILLO et al., 1986) as well as with = higher=20 doses of salinomycin (KESHAVARZ and McDOUGALD, 1982) in broilers. =

HARMS et al. (1989) = reported that=20 appetite and decreased feed intake were a major factor in decreased = performance=20 in broilers by increasing the dose of salinomycin from 44 mg/kg feed to = 88 mg/kg=20 feed in broilers. MAZURKIEWIEZ et al. (1989) reported decreased feed = consumption=20 (50%) by giving salinomycin at a dose rate of 57 to 89 ppm in turkeys. = However,=20 STEINRUCK et al. (1992) reported that 40 or 80 mg/kg salinomycina had no = effect=20 on feed intake of broilers by 42 days, although during the third week = feed=20 intake was depressed at higher drug concentration. DONEV et al. (1988) = also=20 reported that salinomycin 60 and 100 g/1000 kg feed had no adverse = effect on=20 appetite, behaviour and properties of meat. The decrease in appetite and = feed=20 intake seem to be a reversible phenomenon. According to CHAPMAN et al. = (1993)=20 feed intake was decreased with salinomycin, but following withdrawal of=20 salinomycin it was greater than when birds were receiving the drug. =

Mass of internal organs = including=20 proventriculus, intestine and caeca was not affected significantly in = broilers=20 receiving various doses of salinomycin. This indicates that salinomycin = had no=20 apparent effect on these organs up to 180 ppm in feed. This is in = agreement with=20 DONEV et al. (1988) who also observed that salinomycin given at a dose = rate of=20 60 to 100 g/1000 kg of feed had no adverse effect on organ weight of = broiler=20 chicks. Mass of gizzard and kidney was reduced, whereas heart mass was=20 significantly increased compared with the control at 180 ppm salinomycin = (Table=20 3, P<0.001).

Salinomycin did not = affect the gross=20 and histological appearance of internal organs in broilers in the = present study.=20 However, some previous workers observed degeneration, oedema and = infiltration of=20 lymphocytes in liver of broilers at 200 ppm salinomycin (SHEHATA et al., = 1990)=20 and congestion and degeneration in liver and congestion, hydropic = degeneration=20 of tubular epithelium and degeneration of Bowman's capsule epithelium in = kidneys=20 in turkeys given 30 ppm salinomycin (GITHKOPOULOS and LEKKAS, 1990). =

In conclusion, = salinomycin at the=20 recommended dose of 60 ppm, as well as at higher doses, i. e., 120 ppm = and 180=20 ppm, decreased body mass due to poor feed conversion. Higher doses of=20 salinomycin also altered the mass of some visceral organs, which could = influence=20 the performance of broilers.

References =

ANJUM, A. D. (1980): = Laboratory Manual=20 for General Pathology. Qirtas Writer's Publishing House. Faisalabad, = Pakistan.=20 pp. 28-40.

ANJUM, A. D. (1990): = Emerging diseases=20 of poultry in Pakistan. Proc. 3^rd Int. Cong., Pakistan Vet. = Med.=20 Assoc., Islamabad, Pakistan.

CHAPMAN, H. D., J. T. = SKINNER, P. W.=20 WALDROUP, J. H. SCHLEIFER (1993): Research note: Dose compensatory = growth occurs=20 following withdrawal of salinomycin from diet of broilers. Poultry Sci. = 72,=20 383-386.

DANFORTH, H. D., M. D. = RUFF, W. M.=20 REID, J. JOHNSON (1977a): Anticoccidial activity of salinomycin in = floor-pen=20 experiments with broilers. Poultry Sci. 56, 933-938.

DANFORTH, H. D., M. D. = RUFF, W. M.=20 REID, R. L. MILLER (1977b): Anticoccidial activity of salinomycin in = battery=20 raised broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 56, 926-932.

DONEV, B., K. H. = STOYANOV, E.=20 KOZHUKAROV, M. KAMENSKE, A. VLADIMIROVA, A. DZHUROV, Y. GOROVA, M. = SIMOVSKA, I.=20 POPOV (1988): Toxicological studies of salinomycin "Farmakhim" for = broiler=20 chicks. Veterinarna-Sbirka 86, 16-19.

GARD, D. I., B. F. = SCHLEGEL, D. K.=20 WEYMOUTH, R. P. RATHMACHER (1975): Effect monensin and dietary protein = on=20 broiler growth, feathering and anticoccidial efficacy. Poultry Sci. 45,=20 1764-1765.

GITHKOPOULOS, P., S. = LEKKAS (1990):=20 Salinomycin poisonong in turkeys. Bulletin of the Hellenic Veterinary = Medical=20 Society 41, 3-10.

HAYAT, B., C. S. HAYAT = (1983):=20 Indicence of intestinal parasites of chicken in Faisalabad district. = Pak. Vet.=20 J. 3, 165-167.

HAYAT, B., JABEEN, C. S. = HAYAT, M.=20 AKHTER (1996): Comparative prophylactic effects of salinomycin and some=20 indigenous preparations against coccidiosis in broiler chicks. Pak. Vet. = J. 16,=20 164-167.

HARMS, R. H., R. E. = BURESH (1987):=20 Influence of salinomycin on the performance of broiler chicks. Poultry = Sci. 66,=20 51-54.

HARMS, R. H., N. RUIZ, R. = F. BURESH=20 (1989): Influence of monensin and salinomycin on the performance of = broiler=20 chicks. Poultry Sci. 68, 86-88.

KESHAVARZ, K., L. R. = McDOUGALD (1982):=20 Anticoccidial drugs. Growth and performance depressing effects in young=20 chickens. Poultry Sci. 61, 699-705.

KINASHI, H., H. OTAKE, H. = YONEHARA, S.=20 SOTO, Y SAITO (1973): The structure of salinomycinm a new member of the=20 polyether antibiotic. Tetrahedron. Lett. 4955-4958.

KIRILLOV, A. I. (1985): = Comparative=20 study of the efficacy of ionophore anticoccidial antibiotics. In advance = protozoological researc proceeding of the 1^st International = Conferece=20 of Hungary on Protozology and Memorial Session for Jozsef Gelei. = 405-406.=20

MAZURKIEWIEZ, M., J. = NICPON, A. GAWEL,=20 Z. JOPEK, A. WIELIEZKO (1989): Studies on the side effects of salinoycin = sodium=20 in turkeys. Medycyna-Weterynaryjna. 45, 154-157.

MIKAGI, T. T., W. E. = BABCOCK (1979):=20 Safety evaluation of salinomycin in broiler chickens reared in floor = pens.=20 Poultry Sci. 58, 481-482.

MORRISON, W. D., A. F. = FERGUSON, S.=20 LEESON (1979): Efficacy of salinomycin and stenerol against various = species of=20 Eimeria and effect on chick performance. Poultry Sci. 58, = 1160-1166.=20

MUNEER, M. A. (1997): = Present poultry=20 disease status of Pakistan. Technical Bulletin American Soybean = association.=20

PAULILLO, A. C., A. B. = CHIERI, J.=20 ARIKI, R. D. FERREIRA, M. A. PANOBIANCO (1986): Anticoccidial agents = (monensian,=20 salinomycin andd halofuginone) in broiler rations. Ars veterinaria 2, = 5-12.=20

PERASON, S. A., V. G. = STANELY, A. H.=20 REINE, W. E. HUFF, I. F. KUBENA, R. B. HARVEY (1990): Research note = single and=20 combination effects of administering salinomycin and aflatoxin to = broiler=20 chicks. Poultry Sci. 69, 849-851.

POLNER, T., G. SALVI = (1994):=20 Salinomycin poisonong of laying turkeys. Maqvar allatorvosok Lapia. 49, = 102-106.=20

PRESSMAN, B. C. (1973): = Properties of=20 ionophores with broad rang cation selectivity. Fed. Proc. 32, 1698-1703. =

PRESSMAN, B. C. (1976): = Biological=20 applications of ionophores. Ann. Rev. Of Biochem. 45, 501-529. =

PROHASZKA, L., E. HAJDU, = E. DWORSCHAK,=20 T. ROZSNYAI (1987): Growth depression in broiler chicks caused by=20 incompatibility of feed ingredients. Acta veterinaria Hungarica 35, = 349-358.=20

PROHASZKA, L., T. = ROZSNYAI (1990):=20 Potentiation of the anticoccidial effect of salinomycin with=20 dihydroquinoline-type antioxidans. Avian Pathology, 19, 15-21. =

REED, P. W., H. A. LARDY = (1972):=20 A23187: a divalent cation ionophore. J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6970-6977. =

SHEHATA, M. A., M. M. El. = MAHDY, E. E.=20 M. A. A. B. O. NORAGE (1990): Histopathological changes induced by some=20 anticoccidial drugs in chicks. Egyptian Journal of comparative Pathology = and=20 Clinical Pathology 3, 399-408.

SIDDIQUE, M., T. JAVED, = M. A. SABRI=20 (1987): Indicence and pathology of various poultry diseases prevalent in = Faisalabad and surrounding district. Pakistan Vet. J. 7, 48-154. =

STEINRUCK, U., F. X. = ROTH, M.=20 KIRCHGESSNER (1992): Nutritive Wirkung von Salinomycin bei Broilern in=20 K=E4fighaltung unter optimalen Wachstums-bedingungen. Arch. = Gefl=FCgelkd. 56, 73-76.=20

YVORE, P., J. P. = RAYNAURD, L. COHAN, M.=20 NACIRI (1980): Evaluation of the efficacy of salinomycin in the control = of=20 coccidiosis in chicks. Poultry Sci. 59, 2412-2416.

Received: 19 October = 1998
Accepted:=20 9 February 1999

RIZVI, F., A. D. ANJUM: = Utjecaj=20 salinomicina na zdravlje peradi. Vet. arhiv 69, 39-47, 1999.

SAZETAK =

Brojlerima (po 20 u 4 = skupine) drzanim=20 u standardnim uvjetima uzgoja davane su razlicite doze salinomicina = tijekom 8=20 tjedana. Nisu pokazivali nikakve klinicke znakove bolesti tijekom = pokusa. Oni=20 koji su dobivali 60 ppm, 120 ppm ili 180 ppm salinomicina imali su = znacajno=20 manje (P<0,001) tjelesne mase od kontrolne skupine. Postojala je = znacajna=20 negativna korelacija izmedu doze salinomicina i prirasta tjelesnih masa = brojlera=20 (r=3D0,845, P<0,05). Skupni omjer konverzije hrane (FCR) u tom = razdoblju bio je=20 2,21 za kontrolnu skupinu, a u usporedbi s brojlerima koji su dobivali = 60 ppm=20 (omjer 3,251), 120 ppm (omjer 3,859) odnosno 180 ppm (omjer 4,161) = salinomicina=20 u hrani. Bila je pozitivna korelacija FCR i doze salinomicina = (r=3D0,973,=20 P<0,001). Indeksi organa za jetru, zljezdani zeludac, crijeva i = slijepa=20 crijeva uz 60 ppm salinomicina nisu imali znacajnog utjecaja na misicni = zeludac,=20 bubrege i srce, ali uz 120 ppm bili su znacajno smanjeni indeksi za = misicni=20 zeludac i bubrege u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom (P<0,001). S = druge=20 strane, indeks za srce bio je znacajno veci u brojlera hranjenih sa 180 = ppm=20 salinomicina u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom (P<0,001). Utrobni = organi=20 brojlera koji su dobivali razlicite doze salinomicina izgledali su = normalno i=20 makroskopski i histoloski.

Kljucne rijeci: = salinomicin,=20 brojleri, zdravlje, konverzija hrane, prirast tjelesne mase

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