Pregledni rad
POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID AND IMMUNITY: CELLULAR RESPONSE IN DAIRY COWS
Mislav Đidara
orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-2098
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Sveučilišta u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Marcela Šperanda
; Poljoprivredni fakultet Sveučilišta u Osijeku, Osijek, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Immune system is under influence of several essential nutrients, which have the role in sustaining of optimal immunological response. Overfeeding or restrictive nutrition can have detrimental effect upon immune defense and consequently can reduce the effectiveness of animal organism in fighting against pathological microorganisms. One of the essential nutrients is obviously fatty acids. Function of fatty acids is determined by their structure. Mammals have no ability to synthetize n-3 or n-6 fatty acids, so it is essential to introduce them by feed. Fish oil and linseed are best and least expensive sources of n-3 fatty acids available for the animal feeding. Influence of n-3 fatty acids can be determined by monitoring cell component of immune system. Most appropriate way to do this is to monitor lymphocyte proliferation, phagocytosis and production of chemical mediators for immune cell communication. N-3 fatty acids influence on phagocytes is manifested by increased amount of the phagocytosed material. Experiments on dairy cows show that fatty acids do have influence on cell component of immune system. Lymphocyte proliferation is an ability of lymphocyte to divide post stimulation. Proliferative ability of dairy cows lymphocytes incubated in medium supplemented with linoleic acid is reduced compared to that incubated in linolenic acid. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cows feed linseed show reduced abilities of proliferation compared to those of cows feed n-6 fatty acid supplements. Similar experiment showed opposite results. N-3 fatty acids influence chemical mediators like eicosanoids, cytokines and nitric oxide. Dairy cow lymphocytes incubated in medium with linoleic acid showed decreased ability for prostaglandin E2 production, but linolenic acid incubation had no effect upon prostaglandin E2 production, while it decreased production of leukotriene B4. Fatty acid influence eicosanoid production and it is known that eicosanoids regulate cytokines production. It is reasonably to conclude that the n-3 fatty acids will influence cytokines production. Experiments on dairy cows show no influence of feeding linseed on TNF-α, IL-1β or IL-6 production. Serum concentration of IL-10 was lower in dairy cows feed linseed.
Ključne riječi
immune system; fatty acids; n-3 PUFA; linseed
Hrčak ID:
76740
URI
Datum izdavanja:
15.10.2011.
Posjeta: 1.314 *