Nafta, Vol. 63 No. 11-12, 2012.
Izlaganje sa skupa
Natural gas consumption in Croatian refineries 2013 - 2023
Ivica Billege
; MSc
Dunja Ahmetović
; dipl. ing
Ivan Medarac
; MSc
Zlatko Hill
; DSc
Sažetak
Today, all energy entities, even the smallest local players, must carefully analyze technological and economic viability of their operations by taking into consideration the impacts such as: constraints in availability and accessibility of energy resources, trends and imposed measures for emission reduction, growing demand for energy due to civilisation advancements, sensitive supply and demand relationships, significant volatility of energy prices, challenges in securing funding for future purchase of energy sources, including cost of financing. Particularly, the above phenomena have strong influence on conventional energy sources which still account for 90% of total energy, while the share of oil and gas exceeds two thirds of total energy. Oil refineries are important for producing oil products and meeting the demand for these products. They continually upgrade their processes to remain competitive and sustainable. Refineries are confronted with the need to implement modernization projects and new technologies on one side and to find solutions for achieving competitive, i.e. relatively cheap production on the other side. Refineries in Croatia are influenced by the same problems and operating conditions, with the difference that the share of indigenously produced crude is only 10-15% of total demand. Refineries in Rijeka and Sisak have favourable geographic position, access to the existing and future oil and gas pipelines and sufficient supply of natural gas for their needs. Considering these advantages, they have real potential for current and future sustainability. The existing modernization programme implemented in the Croatian refineries by INA d.d. and its strategic partner MOL, is a well designed and harmonized development project. When realized it will ensure higher performance of the refineries in comparison with the existing and potential competitors in the region. It takes into account general trends in the industry and regional and local specific requirements, as well as existing constraints and advantages. Consequently, in respect of accessibility and availability of oil products, Croatia should have a reliable supply of high quality motor gasolines, diesel fuel and LPG in the decades to come.
According to the official modernization programme of INA's refineries in Rijeka and Sisak, natural gas is going to be used as a fuel for energy supply and for processing requirements, together with fuel gas, but also as a feedstock for hydrogen generation. Hydrogen is needed for a demanding treatment of gasoline and diesel, primarily sulphur recovery process. This paper analyzes foreseen consumption of natural gas in both refineries in the period 2013 - 2023 by taking into consideration specific type of modernization project and manner of its implementation, as well as the current and future regional demand for refined products in the above period. This specific forecast of natural gas consumption can be considered as a contribution to the forecast of total industry sector natural gas consumption, but also total natural gas consumption in Croatia. In addition, this forecast will represent a significant contribution to balancing specific low-emission air pollutants, and for the assessment of overall industry emissions.
Ključne riječi
natural gas; refinery energy supply; projection of energy consumption
Hrčak ID:
95417
URI
Datum izdavanja:
31.12.2012.
Posjeta: 2.603 *