Pregledni rad
Some Characteristics of the Reproduction of a Peasant's Holding - Model for a Research of its Types
Vojin Radomirović
Sažetak
In this article some characteristics of a peasant’s holding as a form of
relation in agriculture and society generally are considered. In the first part its complexity is pointed out, because it includes household, relation in agriculture and society generally are considered. In the first part its complexity is pointed out, because it includes household, holding and property, and as such it represents relics of past ways of production and social relations. The author thinks that a term »peasant's holding« is appropriate for use, beside some others such as »individual holding«, »family holding«, etc. Further on, the process of formation of a peasant’s holding in Yugoslav, particularly in Dinara’s and other southern regions has been discussed. The peasant's landownership had been formed as a result of work and a conquest
of land from the nature and is determined with the existing level of productive forces of the given society. In the second part the structure of the peasant holding, as an analogue to the structure of the national economy, has been analysed, because it comprises production, consumption, distribution and exchange. The peasant’s holding is a
unity of two contrarieties: a) natural or self sufficient production and b) market production, with an icreasing tendency of its predomination by which a peasant's holding is being negated. The market for a peasant’s holding appears in two forms: 1. as a market of goods (products of work) and 2. as a market of labour (labour power as goods). Taking as a base presuppositions gained by the investigation of the group of holdings in 1955 (organic composition of production, proportion of the surplus of value, proportion of the engagement of the labour power of the household, proportion of market production and consumption) the author constructs the model of reproduction of a peasant's holding. If the surplus of value is conceived as a rest of the income after satisfying all the expences on wages and needs of the household, three cases may appear: I holding gives enough work and income to the household, II holding after paying out expences on wages and needs of a household realizes certain surplus of income and III holding does not fully employs available productive labour power of a household and does not satisfies all its needs. In the third part a scheme of the model of reproduction of holding with possible variants is given. The model comprises only the basic elements of the reproduction: household, holding, property and market, and forms of their relationship. The presuppositions for this model are: organic composition of capital 1 : 1, surplus of value in proportion of 100% for the holding II, market
production in proportion of 20% and consumption rate of 20%. The improvement of the holding in the process of expanded reproduction goes as slow as the process of deterioration of a holding through spending out its property. The labour market appears as an important factor for holding II (it has to supply itself with the labour at the market) and holding III (it is forced to sell its unemployed labour at the market). This marks the phenomenon of disappearance of a classical,
»pure« type of a peasant holding. The model for the analysis of the reproduction of the peasant’s holding presented in this article in a simple form, enables the inclusion of some essential transforming elements, such as market production, employment out of agriculture,
cooperation, etc. that were not treated in this article.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
118248
URI
Datum izdavanja:
24.9.1965.
Posjeta: 726 *