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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES IN SR CROATIAN VILLAGES
Vlado Puljiz
Sažetak
The pre-war Croatian village was poor, over-populated and in debt. The peasant’s
only outlet from this difficult situation in his opinion was to enlarge his
holding and remain in the village. National ideology gained form from these pre-
-war peasant illusions; the idyll of peasant life was preached while industrialization
was scorned as a deviation of socio-economic development. Then during the critical
historical Period, the Yugoslav Communist Party offered the peasantry a perspective
of the industrial development and at the same time, sympathized with the
peasants for fair land partitioning. That was the deciding point which led the
peasantry to join the working class as an avant-garde movement and participate
in the socialist revolution between 1941 and 1945.
Basic facts about the post-war development of the social and private agricultural
sector in SR Croatia are presented. The social sector now maintains 15% of
the cultivable land, while the private sector has 85%. However, the participation
of the social sector in the overall production and market production is noticeably
larger than its percentage of cultivable surface. Howevet the overall changes in the socio-economic structure of the Croatian
village are more significant than the process of socialization of agriculture.
Approximately 55.000 farmers left agriculture annually between 1961—1971.
Because of this, the rural social structure became heterogeneous. About half of
the rural population today are non-farmers, and this number continues to rise.
and standard of living of the rural population has significantly
increased. More than half of the income (56,2¾) of the farm family is made off
the farm, this non-agricultural income is mainly invested in homes and other basic
household necessities. Thus, there has been a significantly higher post-war growth
m the living standard of the rural population than in the growth of agricultural
production.
There has been as essential change in the attitudes and values of the rural
population, particularly among the younger generation, who wish to find nonagricultural
professions. Eighty percent of the farm children continue their education.
The author believes that a modern and highly productive agriculture structure
should be created in Yugoslavia through various forms of socialization. Furthermore,
he believes that the leaders of this new agricultural structure should be a
dynamic group of professional agriculturists. These farmers, (manufacturers of
goodsh should be part, now more than ever, of the social decision-making body.
Society s responsibility is to offer the farmers the same social protection given to
other members of society, aboveall health insurance and pension rates. The rural
population should have freer access to social and economic institutions. In this
way, rural life would become more attractive with definite advantages.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
118963
URI
Datum izdavanja:
18.6.1975.
Posjeta: 1.189 *