Pregledni rad
The Emigration of Population from Rural Areas and Agriculture
Vlado Puljiz
Sažetak
In the first part of the article author quotes figures on the emigration of
population from rural areas and agriculture in Yugoslavia in the 1950s and 1960s population from rural areas and agriculture in Yugoslavia in the 1950s and 1960s.
The abandonment of agriculture (deagrarization) was more marked during the first period. From 1948 to 1961 a total of 2,848,000 inhabitants — an annual average
of about 230,000 — gave up farming, and the proportion of the agricultural
population decreased at an annual rate of 1.25%. During the second period (1961—1969) about 1,600,000 people (about 200,000 a year) gave up farming, and the rate
of decrease of the agricultural population dropped to 1%. The migration from
rural areas to towns was considerable lower during both periods since a lurge
number of the inhabitants who gave up farming continued to live m rural settlement
The author points to the economic importance of the decrease in the number
of private smallholding and calls for a more studied agrarian policy which should
include measures for ensuring the adjustment of agricultural structures to tne
growing emigration. The rate of rural emigration and deagrarization vanes considerably f from
region to region, but generally it is lower in economically undeveloped regions
which offer fewer opportunities both for employment in non-agricultural activities and for spatial and social mobility.
Moreover, children from families which have a strong financial basis for
social advance have better opportunities for obtaining education and training of non-agricultural skills than have those from poorer families. These differences are
more marked at present than they were in the preceding period when the transition
from agricultural to non-agricultural activities was mainly direct, without previous
education and training for a new vocation.
As a rule the de-agrarization involves mostly young people and male persons.
However those who will give up farming and leave the rural community may be
expected to contain a growing proportion of female persons in the future, because
women are less tied to the family property and because marriage offers them a
good chance for changing their social status.
In conclusion the author discusses the consequences which arise for the rural community from emigration and which when emigration takes as massive proportions, are usually of an adverse nature. With the departure of young people and men social life in the
village begins to stagnate and the levers of the social
VneWf fact that many Yugoslav rural settlements are
dying out the author calls for organized action which would relieve manv of the
adverse effect of their disappearance.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
119325
URI
Datum izdavanja:
10.6.1970.
Posjeta: 1.046 *