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THE COMPOSITION OF THE AGRICULTURAL AND MIXED HOUSEHOLDS
Ivan Klauzer
Sažetak
In this paper the author intended to analyze the composition of the agricultural
and mixed households in Yugoslavia according to the data of the population
census in 1961 and the census of the individual agricultural households.
In the first part the author establishes the problems and the questions of the
intended analysis. His scope is to analyze the development of a new category in agriculture, i e. mixed households. The mixed household in agriculture is defined
as a household which income springs up partly from agricultural activity and
partly from nonagricultural activities. The author’s next intention is to analyze
the relations between the agricultural and mixed households and the tendencies
of their development.
In the second part, the author gives an analysis of the used definitions of
the household in the population censuses which were carried out in Yugoslavia
in 1921, 1931, 1948, 1953, and 1961, and of the definition used in the census of the
individual agricultural households in 1960. The analysis consists from a very detailed
review of several most important differences among the used definitions.
On the base of this analysis the author establishes that the data from the censuses
in 1921 and 1931, and the data from the censuses in 1948, 1953, and 1961 are comparable
to each other. The data from the census of the individual agricultural households
in 1960 must be a little rearranged to become comparable to the data from
the population censuses.
The third part involves the analyses. The author establishes firstly that the
percentage of the agricultural households decreased from census to census. Secondly
he establishes that the average number of people in one household is the
highest among the mixed households, and the lowest among the nonagricultural
households. Usually there is expected the highest average among the agricultural
household, but in the Yugoslav changing economy the shift of the population from
agricultural to nonagricultural activities is very high and fast. In fact, the mixed
household conserves the old patriarchal big household or family which is a very
important brake for the development of a free and progressive worker’s household.
The fast shift from agriculture to other activities caused an interesting fact.
Among the agricultural households there are 2,24 active persons to one household,
among the mixed households there are 2,18 and among the nonagricultural households
only 1,25 active persons to one household. Such relations caused also among
the agricultural households one inactive person to one active, but among the mixed
households 1,25 and among the nonagricultural households 1,51 inactive persons
to one active person. The shift of the population from agriculture to nonagricultural
activities caused a higher »activiness« among the population of the agricultural
households.
Such a development among the households, has also an influence on the size
of the household according to the estate expressed in hectares. It is realized that
there exists a steady decrease of the size of the household and a decrease of the
average area to one person in the household too.
In the fourth part, the author gives a short review of the analyzed problems.
He emphasizes especially the problem of the great heterogeneity among the republics
and provinces in Yugoslavia and also the development of the new type of households
the s. & mixed households, and points out that such a development is not
favourable and this problem has to be undertaken to a very detailed and careful
analysis.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
120968
URI
Datum izdavanja:
17.7.1963.
Posjeta: 1.092 *