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THE ORIENTATION OF RURAL YOUTH IN MIXED AND AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN SR SERBIA
Jeremije Simić
Sažetak
As a source of data for this paper the author used the survey of agricultural
households which was carried out by the Agricultural Faculty in Zemun in 1963.
The survey embraced 117 villages selected at random, with 34,059 agricultural
households or 3.2% of their total number in Socialistic Republic of Serbia.
The author undertook an analysis of the data related to the professional
oritentation of youth in two groups of households: mixed (with members
employed in nonagricultural activities) and agricultural ones. Taking this criterion
for classification the author distingvishes three categories: households with no
youth at all, households that are schooling their youth and households that will
keep successors on their farms. Within both groups of households (mixed and
agricultural ones) the author finds out different distribution of categories according
to the professional orientation of youth. These differencies are explained by
different demographic and economic characteristics of mixed and agricultural
households (an average number of youth members in households, percentage of
members that deserted their households since 1945, an average hectrage of arrable
land per household unit, and per member of household, attitude towards production
on farms i. e. whether farm is oriented towards market or subsistence
farming, structure of income etc.).
These relations were analysed on the regional basis too, i. e. separately for
AP Vojvodina, AP Kosovo and Metohia and the rest of SR Serbia, and comparisons
were made.
At the end the author draws the following conclusions:
1) Under the influence of the continuous growth of level of income and the
participation of money receivings in the total income of households, the number
of youth completing various schools and thus separating from agricultural
occupation increases. This reveals a new form of differentiation of agricultural
households according to the professional orientation of youth.
2) Origination of old age households (with no youth members at all) within
the group of agricultural households, marks in our socioeconomic conditions the
first form of disappearance of peasantry and transformation of agriculture and
village. v
3) Origination of old age households within the group of mixed households
marks the second form of disappearance of pesantry, based on the schooling of
youth by the income earned in nonfarm activities.
4) The phenomenon of reproduction of mixed households but followed by
the gradual decrease of size of estate to the level of the homestead, marks the
third form of disappearance of peasantry and its transformation.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
121348
URI
Datum izdavanja:
21.7.1964.
Posjeta: 768 *