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A Contrastive Analysis of Prefixation in English and Croatian
Željko Bujas
Sažetak
The first principal part of the paper, after introduction, offers an outline of the ' traditional description of prefixation in English and Croatian. The outline deals with the properties of these prefixes (origin, current status of non-native prefixes, prefix-base relations, orthography, stress, conversion potential, meaning), and their classification (illustrating it through one, semantic, approach from among the nine possible). The properites listed are then used in the second major 'division of the paper - a contrastive' analysis of English and Croatian prefixes. The contrastively relevant distributional categories (overlap; presence in one of the contrasted languages) point to the possibility of interference in just 'two of the properties. listed: origin and phonology. However, an investigation of the mutual translation equivalents y of English and Croatian prefixes, through the same distributional categories' 'reveals a significant presence of *Contrastive patterning (nad-z 'out-,' bez-: un-, -less, èfree; protu-s counter-L some of highly productive (ao- + Vb : finish + Vb-ing, Vb + some more, Vb :+ until finished; na- + Vb + se : Vb + one's fill, Vb t+ all one wants, have enough + Vb- i ' ~ '-ing). A brief listing of teaching implications separates this, second, part from the last, and largest, section of the paper, dealing with the lexicographical relevance of the contrastive analysis of prefixation in English and Croatian (read: in bilingual lexicography). A systematic search for English glosses of Croatian entries soon reveals a number of remarkably productive i contrastivepatterns of great lexicographical applicability. This is particulary relevant to Croatian-English dictionaries with literally thousands of Croatian headwords formed with a very restricted number of highly productive' prefixes (bez'-, do, iz-, na-, ne-, od-, pre, pro-, u-, za-). English equivalents of these prefixes, though far from uniform, reveal scores of' pattems which, whem uniformly applied, significantly expand and improve“ the quality of English _glossing The actual application of this contrastive lex-s icographical technique to a recent Croatian-English dictionary (by Z. Bujas, 1983) is then llustrated with Croatian headwords prefixed by do- (with 21 contrastive patterns possible among its English glasses), na- (in reflexive verbs; with 64 patterns) and ne» (S9 patterns). A consistent application of this innovative technique, i. e. a full listing of all such possible patterns,
would result in unwieldy Croatian entries with largely repetitive English glosses. To avoid this, special prefixal entries (another significant lexicographical innovation) have been designed. Offering esay-to-consult listings of possible contrastively patterned English glosses, and serving as crossre ferencmg hubs for hundreds thousands of "satellite entries", these prefixal entries make bilingual dictionaries considerably more efficient, keeping their size manageable at the same time.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
121644
URI
Datum izdavanja:
26.12.1984.
Posjeta: 1.022 *