Stručni rad
The importance of forest cultivation measures to protect forests from fires in Deliblato Sands (Serbia)
Martin Bobinac
orcid.org/0000-0002-7690-7325
; Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Sažetak
On the basis of organized labor in the afforestation of Deliblato Sands for a period of two centuries, today is predominantly established phase pioneer tree species, including acacia and pine trees make up over 90 % covered, from a total of 17,552 ha of forests. Locust stands are an area of 11,320 ha (64.49%), stands of red and white pine and other coniferous trees over an area of 4,748 ha (27.05 %), while other types of deciduous (American ash, ash, black walnut, willow, oak, linden, poplar, etc.) occupying an area of 1,483 ha (8.45 %). In the modern history of the Deliblato Sands, in the period from 1948th to 2009th , it was found 259 fires, with a total surface affected 11,923 ha of forest areas affected by fire and 6,129 ha. The total area of forests burnt by four catastrophic fires: in 1973, 1990, 1996 and 2007 amounted to 4103.1 ha, based on the share of fire-affected areas of conifers 73.4%, it can be concluded that the physical framework for their appearance determined surface structure and culture of conifers. The planned commitments in the second half of the twentieth century, on the basis of which advocated afforestation pine trees over large areas and maintenance of large areas of locust due to their fire risk due to short rotation and the application of clear cutting in the cultures locust coppice management, did not allow continuity with contemporary goals protection of Deliblato Sands, which now has the status of a special nature reserve, and as a result of the fire has not achieved the expected impact of the biomeliorative erected in the forest. For example, studied a middle artificially established stands of white lime, this article highlights the biological resistance of lime on fire, because in a period of high activity catastrophic forest fires in 1996 and 2007, which are completely destroyed middle-aged, predominantly pine culture on the surface of 1.896 hectares, stands were in their center, preserved and have continuity. Two permanent sample plots (OP-1 and OP-3) in a stand of white lime with a touch of white poplar, which was formed on the soil type sierozem (regosol) on the scattered carbonate sand (forest habitat Vergilius’ oak-Rhamneto Quercetum virgilianae) and that was at the center of catastrophic forest fires high in 1996 and 2007 at the age of 46 and 52, set out the following elements of growth for silverleaf linden: ha-1, IVP = 7.2-7.4 m3 ha-1, V = 342.02 to 375.00 m3 N = 1962-1573 trees per hectare, G = 37.13 to 38.01 m2 ha-1. The stand of the formation Nourished and the OP-1 in the stand age 46 and 51 years, on the basis of two late, strong, thinning of the linden trees cut down in 1154 per hectare, or 59 % of the original number, 21.26 ha-1 from m2 ha-1 of total volume (47.5 %). total basal area (47.3 %) and 182.63 m3 In the period 46th to 51st The ha-1, current increment of volume remaining linden trees was 11.23 m2 which included a gain 184 trees of the future (13.4 % of the trees) was ha-1 (38.3 %). 4.30 m3 Based on previous experience acquired on sustainability conducted thinning the OP-1, was carried out late, strong thinning in stand age 52, the OP-3, at which a total of 729 trees felled lime per hectare (46.4 %), with ha-1 (37.1 %). ha-1 (37.0 %) and volume of 139.0 m3 basal 14:05 m2 At the age of 56 years (2013), based on observations in the field, the structure stands on experimental area is preserved, and the trees show a visible degree of revitalization.
Ključne riječi
forest fires; the respective sites; afforestation; white and black pine (Pinus sylvestris L. and Pinus nigra JFArnold), Acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia); silverleaf linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench)
Hrčak ID:
146392
URI
Datum izdavanja:
25.9.2015.
Posjeta: 1.828 *