Revija za sociologiju, Vol. 3 No. 1-2, 1973.
Pregledni rad
Development and Participation
Henry Teune
; University of Pennsylvania
Zdravko Mlinar
; Univerza v Ljubljani
Sažetak
The thesis of this paper is that development determines the modes of participation — the participatory structures of the system and the way in which individuals relate to them. There are three qualitatively different structures of participation, whit consequences for individual activity, which emerge as development (a quantitatively defined concept) increases: symbolic, institutional and systemic participation. These modes are .present in all »empirical« social systems; but one or another is the dominant mode. The developmental context thus defines what is participation and what kinds of participation are possible.
From a macro-historical perspective, the relationship between development and institutional structures is the source of a participation crisis in developed countries and no restructuring of those institutions can transform individuals into effective legislators for a complex system. Indeed, the scale of the system at a certain point will be so great that the individual-institution-system linkages will break and recede into ritualistic remnants of participation. These changes will be accompanied by more and more direct individual participation in the system. Development is destroying institutions making a new mode of participation possible. Nothing except stopping development can abort this developmental change.
Because this developmental process is already under way, it is possible to predict and observe it with contemporary data and in part, to confirm whether, where, and under what conditions changes in participation are taking place. The specific shape of these changes, derived from a partially constructed developmental theory, can be clearly formulated, modified, and explicated with research. With such a knowledge man ought to be able to control the directions of these changes, minimize some of the inevitable costs of change, and malke it possible to deal with these changes rather than, as has almost always been the case historically, to be victimized by them.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
156502
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.6.1973.
Posjeta: 682 *