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A contribution to the study of building techniques and structures at Roman Villae Rusticae on the coast of the Roman province of Dalmatia

A. Kilić-Matić


Puni tekst: hrvatski pdf 339 Kb

str. 91-109

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Puni tekst: engleski pdf 339 Kb

str. 91-109

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Sažetak

There are 205 registered sites of Roman villae rusticae on the shores of the province of Dalmatia, but no particular attention was dedicated to their mutual ties due to insufficient research. The earliest construction of villae rusticae on the eastern Adriatic coast dates back to the early Imperial period in the first century AD. The following building techniques have been registered at Roman villa rustica sites: opus spicatum, opus isodomum, opus pseudoisodomum, opus caementicium, opus incertum, opus reticulatum, opus tesselatum, opus vermiculatum, opus sectile, and opus signinum. Sites containing archeological remains representing these different building techniques are examined based on the existing literature. The mosaic technique (opus musivum) was used to decorate the surfaces of floors, walls and vaults. This technique, similar to painting, is accomplished by setting multi-colored small stone tiles, glazed ceramic or glass on a mortar base. There are two different mosaic techniques, opus tesselatum and opus vermiculatum. Revolutionary changes in civil engineering occurred with the arrival of the Romans to the eastern Adriatic coast. Construction with local materials commenced, but employing techniques not previously known to the indigenous population. The use of mortar is one of the most important innovations brought by the civilization of Classical Antiquity. It was the foundation of all buildings and it was the basic substance of structures called opus caementicium (cementum – cut stone). Mortar consisted of sand and lime in an appropriate ratio mixed with larger or smaller gravel. Modern research into archaeological sites should draw more attention to building techniques and to the types and origins of materials used to construct specific structures.

Ključne riječi

Province of Dalmatia; villa rustica; opus spicatum; opus isodomum; opus pseudoisodomum; opus caementicium; opus incertum; opus musivum; opus tesselatum; opus vermiculatum; opus sectile; opus signinum

Hrčak ID:

6065

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/6065

Datum izdavanja:

8.12.2004.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 5.058 *