Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.47960/2712-1844.2017.3.273
Gothic Art in Primorje, Gorska Zupa and Radobilja in the Time of the Herzog Stjepan Vukcic Kosaca - between Reality and Folk Tradition
Marinko Tomasović
orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-4470
; Gradski muzej, Makarska
Sažetak
Gothic art in Primorje (Krajina), Gorska Zupa and Radobilja
was emphasized during the rule of the Herzog
Stjepan Vukcic Kosaca over the territories between Cetina
and Neretva, around 1440-1416. Churches with rectangular
shrine, mostly with partitions, mentioned in the
Ottoman 16th-17th c. prove that they were built in the 15th
century. The buildings were erected according to the model
of the Franciscan churches of Our Lady in Makarska
and Zaostrog from the 15th century. The Makarska church
even after the destruction in the 16th and 17th c., preserved
the aisle with a rectangular shrine. Such is St. Nicholas'
church in Gornja Brela and reconstructed St. Cosmas and
Damian church in Rogoznica, mentioned in 1461. In the
church of St. Luke in Kucici the foundations of an earlier
church with a rectangular apse were discovered. During
Stjepan Kosaca's rule in the Omis hinterland there were
built other churches, mentioned in the list from 1625. In
Gorska Zupa worth mentioning is St. Peter in Dusina from
1585. In Lower Neretva area, St. Stjepan in Slivno Ravno
has preserved only a sanctuary, while the foundations of
St. Nichola's in Borovci prove its Gothic construction. The
inscription with the name of the Herzog Stjepan from
1466 indicates that he constructed the church in Drasnice
to honor the saint of the same name. The top door reliefs
with relief crosses in Tucepi and Borovci belong to the
churches from the 15th century, as well as the aspersorium
of St. Luke's church in Kucici. At the beginning of the 15th
century, St. Juraj in Tucepi and St. Ivan in Podaca were
painted with dedicated crosses, inside squares and decorated
circles. Their tombstones and plaques are also worth
mentioning. The tombstones were related to Vlachs, and
plaques with heraldic features to the local ethnic groups.
The number of Vlachs was significant at the time of the
Herzog Stjepan, when most of the tombstones were made.
In the Omis fortress of Pec, according to tradition, the
Herzog had a residence, but he also owned Starigrad and
Visuc up the river. In Radobilja he intended to raise the
bridge across the river and a fortress, which the Venetians in 1457 were seeking to destruct. He also owned Vrgorac
in Gorska Zupa, whose wall had a Gothic crown and towers
at the bottom. Additionally, there is Vratar on the right
side of the Neretva, and Brstanik near Opuzen, important
in the war with Dubrovnik from 1451 to 1454. The Herzog's
Tower was preserved in Gornja Brela. It is an indication of
the rule of Kosacas, as well as the Erceg's hill above Makarska,
erected as a part of town fortification plan. Ermitage
along the Cetina river from 5th- 6th c. is linked to the Herzog,
as a remembrance of his rule (1440-1444) in Omis,
as well as the interpretation of the Venetian coat of arms
from the 17th century as his. The tradition was indirectly
linked to the Herzog Stjepan in the name of the Illyrian
fortress Matijasevica in Zivogosce, relating it to the Croat-
Hungarian king Matija Korvin. Both rulers were allies
in 1463 in the battles to return Bosnia from the Ottomans.
Ključne riječi
Gothic architecture of churches; liturgical vessels; relief crosses; painted crosses; tombstones (stecaks); grave plaques; triangular gables; cross vaults; fortresses; Herzog's tower; Erceg's hills
Hrčak ID:
187176
URI
Datum izdavanja:
5.10.2017.
Posjeta: 1.780 *