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Anđela Horvat’s Histories of Conservation (1943, 1944): Genesis and Meaning

Marko Špikić ; Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Odsjek za povijest umjetnosti
Ana Škegro


Puni tekst: hrvatski pdf 470 Kb

str. 73-80

preuzimanja: 351

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Sažetak

As a research assistant in Croatian State Directorate for Cultural Heritage Protection (Hrvatski državni konzervatorski zavod) in Zagreb, Anđela Horvat published two papers on the history of conservation, in 1943 and 1944 respectively. The fi rst paper was published in the »Journal for Croatian History« (»Časopis za hrvatsku poviest«), which was reprinted at her own expense as an offprint in 1944. The paper was conceived according to the division of the so-called Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska) into three provinces: Dalmatia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina and inland Croatia. In the same year Anđela Horvat published a booklet entitled Conservation Work of the Croats (Konzervatorski rad kod Hrvata), a richly illustrated work produced in collaboration with her colleagues from the Directorate for Cultural Heritage Protection T. Stahuljak and A. Bogdanović (Deanović). Apart from being a historical overview of monument protection, the booklet was intended to serve as a manual for the broader public, as a survey of theoretical concepts from the Renaissance humanism to the development of the concept of »homeland protection« (Heimatschutz) in Central Europe. The article aims at detecting the context which encouraged the writing of Horvat’s two histories. Special emphasis is given to the author’s reference to papers and books on cultural heritage
protection. The analysis of bibliography given in the booklet Conservation Work of the Croats reveals that the author’s main sources were the works from German-speaking countries, while Italian, British and French writers remained either unknown or irrelevant. Cited German and Austrian writers can be divided into two generations: the first active up to 1918 (Riegl, Dehio, Lange, Dvořák) and the second belonging to the interwar period (Frey, Ambros, Giannoni, Karlinger, Lampmann, Pfi ster, von Schubert-Soldern and Zimmermann). This reveals that Horvat drew her inspiration from the journals »Denkmalpfl ege. Zeitschrift für Denkmalpflege und Heimatschutz« and »Deutsche Kunst und Denkmalpflege«.
Besides W. Ambros’ outline of state heritage protection in Austria published in 1927, the authors indicate other possible models for Anđela Horvat’s two histories: the texts by S. Curman Entstehung und Entwicklung der schwedischen Denkmalpflege (1931) and P. O. Rave
Die Anfänge der Denkmalpfl ege in Preussen (1935). Finally, in 1944 F. G. Wolff Metternich published a booklet entitled Die Denkmalpfl ege in Frankreich, owned by the library of the Directorate for Cultural Heritage Protection, whose holdings were under Anđela Horvat’s supervision from 1941. Her histories appeared in the time of the fascist regime in Croatia, which insisted on »historical proofs« of Croatian national and race supremacy. Despite being a state employee in such a system, Anđela Horvat in no way followed this political determinism. The points stressed in her texts – conservation instead of restoration, preservation, inventory-making natural heritage and homeland protection – influenced Croatian conservators for decades after the end of the Second World War. However, Anđela Horvat’s two histories, despite being the founding works, did not have true followers in terms of creating the overall picture of the history of conservation in Croatia. Important studies on separate issues have appeared in the
last sixty years, as well as studies on the activities of conservators and restorers in Croatia, but a systematic historical survey of conservation in Croatia has yet to be written. Horvat returned to writing historical overviews in the 1970s with her work on the activities of the State Committee for the Preservation of Artistic and Historic Monuments in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia, in which she assessed the work of Gjuro Szabo and his associates in the period between 1910 and 1923 as crucial to the solution of the burning issues of her own time, i. e. in the third quarter of the 20th century.

Ključne riječi

Anđela Horvat; Gjuro Szabo; World War II; conservation; history of conservation

Hrčak ID:

188225

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/188225

Datum izdavanja:

15.12.2011.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 935 *