Pregledni rad
Epidemiology and aetiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Granita Muhaxheri
; Department of Peridontology, School of Dentostry, University of Prishtina, Republika Kosovo
Dragana Gabrić
; Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Vanja Vučićević Boras
orcid.org/0000-0003-1651-8069
; Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Sažetak
Introduction: It was expected at least in Western countries that incidence of head and neck cancers (HNSCC) should become lower due to the propaganda against smoking. However, the expected decrease in HNSCC was not achieved in many countries. Tobacco and alcohol consumption are known as a major risk factors for development of HNSCC. It is well known that 15-20% of HNSCC are linked to HPV infection, however, some authors reported coexistence with other viruses as well. In the Eastern countries paan (betel nut), ghutka, that have been also linked to the development HNSCC. However, lately HNSCC have been linked to the low vegetable and fruit intake, vitamin defi ciencies, coinfection with other viruses, certain genetic syndromes and occupational exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review recent literature regarding epidemiology and other risk factors in the development of HNSCC.
Methods: Pubmed was searched in the past two years in order to fi nd out novelties regarding epidemiology and aetiology for HNSCC and 34 papers were included.
Results and Conclusion: The results of this review paper show that smoking is a major contributing factor especially with alcohol both being dosed and time dependent in the development of HNSCC. Unhealthy diet, decrease in vitamin intake especially folate, C and E vitamin and occupational exposure were seen in the diseased. In about one fourth of the patients infection with HPV has been noticed, and in some coinfection with other viruses such as Epstein Barr, cytomegalovirus
and HIV. Obviously genetic predisposition exists but also correlation with certain genetic syndromes such as Fanconi’s anaemia and Bloom syndrome.
Ključne riječi
head and neck cancer; risk factors; smoking; alcohol consumption; HPV; nutrients
Hrčak ID:
189824
URI
Datum izdavanja:
10.12.2015.
Posjeta: 1.270 *