Medicinski vjesnik, Vol. 24 No. (1-2), 1992.
Ostalo
The Health centre Osijek in homeland war
Zdravko Ebling
Branko Janković
Ante Vuković
Sažetak
This article deals with organization of the Osijek Health Center during the war for Homeland. This institution, the biggest of that kind, namely a Center for primary health protection in the municipality of Osijek, coveres the health protection of about 150 000 inhabitants in 10 health Stations, 55 maternity houses, with more than 110 dispensaries. The conducted preparations for operating in the conditions of war were analysed and efficacy of these services evaluated. The authors found that the preparations and organization were good and in accordance with the instructions of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia and based on experiences of the former war. At the beginning of aggression against the Republic of Croatia in May 1991, a Crisis Staff was formed in the Osijek Health Center in to do the management in the war conditions. At that time the locations of the health stations and maternity houses for both the war and peace conditions were established, then the medical doctrine for all medical activities, kinds and quantities of medicines, system of mutual communications, as well as mode of management within the health service of the Osijek town and collaboration with the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia. The reserve locations of health stations in case the first ones fail due to destruction or any other reason were also suggested. The first aid stations, a kind of stationaries, for offering the general medical care, i.e. practice, in case of mass casulties, were equiped on 5 locations within the very town and 3 out of it. The staff working in such stations was specially trained. The medical war literature thorougfully studied, the seminars held for all the doctors and medical sisters with subjects on the war surgery in case of mass casulties and health protection in shelters and other cases. The courses on first aid were organized for inhabilitants in various quarters of the town, namely how to take care of the wounded and ill and to know something about hygienic epidemiological protection. The war reserves of medicines and sanitary material were provided and thoroughully checked in all health station and the medical staff was vaccinated against tetanus. Due to the violence of the attacks on Osijek, medical care was performed in the basemert of Health Center and in other working organizations and private houses, so that complete health protection could be given at one place. In the Čepin health station the duty hours were organized for a 24 h service. Because of almost daily general alerts and risks to reach the working place, the employees in medical activities took over 12 h shift of working, namely should come every second day. Speciality - polyclinic service was organized in the major building of the Health Center Osijek. In all the bigger shelters a daily health protection Service was organized for endangered inhabitants. For staff, working in such conditions a special training was also organized. Lodging in the shelters for a period of several months was well organized, communication between the citizens and health workers was timely accorded, spontaneous in both directions and no bigger health troubles were noted with this people. For the whole war period disposed the Osijek Health Center with sufficient quantities of medicines, sanitary material. The maternity hospital was regularly provided with sanitary material and napkins. In addition to regular provisions, a part of necessary medicines was obtained from the Main Sanitary Headquarters of Croatia, as well as from the Board for donations of the Osijek Municipal Assembly. Collaboration with the Health Protection Institute was on a daily basis, and once a week the reports were made on occurrences of infective diseases. In spite of lodging in shelters for a longer period of time, great number of refugees and wounded, there were only unysignificant occurrences of the infective diseases. For over 20 000 refugees the health protection was specially organized. The Osijek Health Center was left i.e., it may be said, deserted by 195 employees during the war time. Several health stations were heavily damaged and the cost of material damages reaches 12,5 milions DM. In 1991. the Osijek Health Center registered 558 000 visits to the doctors and 197 000 new cases of diseases or by 38,7% and 36,9% less than in 1990. As of the structure of health troubles a significont increase in 1991. was registered for the groups II, III and XI (of International Diseases Classification), by 35,5%, 30,1% and 27,1% respectively. In spite of the war, the Osijek Health Center did not only take over the health care of the citizens and the wounded, but dealt also with some scientific research and teaching within the frames of the Cathedra for general practice and primary health care of the Zagreb Medical faculty, Study in Osijek. A teaching program on the subject general medicine and primary health care was completed and the medial doctors trainees practitioned according to the program. Psycho-physical troubles of the refugees were scientifically researched. Organization of the life in shelters during the war was filmed by the employees of the Osijek Health Center to serve later as educational material.
Ključne riječi
primary health core; war; organization; medical doctrine
Hrčak ID:
195282
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.12.1992.
Posjeta: 1.100 *