Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.21857/yl4okf3pv9
The Activity of Francesco II Novello da Carrara in Croatia
Krešimir Kužić
orcid.org/0000-0003-3201-539X
; Glavni stožer OS RH, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Two brothers, Counts Stephen II and John V of Krk, thanks to their wealth accumulated through successful management of their estates, connected themselves to powerful families in neighbouring states. When Francesco II da Carrara lost his rule over Padova, he tried to get help from Count Stephen, to whom was married his sister Caterina. In September 1389, he visited Count Stephen, after discussing political situation with Duke Stephen III in Munich. He entered Croatia near to Brod na Kupi, and via Oštarije arrived to Modruš. He was cordially welcomed there by Caterina and her husband. Francesco received a number of political advices from Stephen, in the first place the one that he should reconcile with Florence and Venice. Besides that, Stephen informed Francesco on military strength of his allies who may come to Francesco’s aid (besides 2000 cavalrymen, there were count of Cili with 1000, count of Ortenburg with 1000, and Slavonian aristocrats Ákos and Stephen the Devil with 1500 cavalrymen). Stephen particularly recommended asking for help King Tvrtko of Bosnia, since he was an enemy of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, the duke of Milan, the very same who took over the estates from Francesco. In the meantime, Caterina engaged a fortune-teller in the surroundings of Modruš, who foretold future fate to Francesco and advised him to ask for help rather in Bavaria. He had chosen that option only after the messengers brougth the most recent news from Italy. After deciding to make the alliance with the Bavarians, Francesco started to return to Modruš, but on the way found out that Stephen had died and Count John had risen against Caterina and seized his goods deposited there. Finally, after getting back his property, Francesco II with his men left for Italy. After that episode, as is generally well known, Francesco II in 1405 had to surrender Padova to the Venetians, and he was, together with his brothers, executed in Venice, while Caterina was exiled by John V to Carniola, where she died.
The family connections of the counts of Krk with the Carrara were initiated by King Louis I of Hungary, but they have already for several generations connecting themselves with German aristocracy of neighbouring areas – such were the counts of Görz and Cili. Caterina da Carrara adapted to the new surrounding, but retained her connections to her original family. Stephen II and John V had different political orientations during the political conflicts between the Angevins and the Luxembourg, and there was another important difference between them: Stephen II had no son and John V had one. Stephen was apparently more connected to Bosnia than John, and exactly because of his connections to Bosnia, he knew that Francesco’s enemy Gian Galeazzo Visconti was at the same time an enemy of King Tvrtko.
Besides for political history, the presented episode of Francesco II’s visit to Modruš reveals a number of interesting details regarding history of communications, economy and popular beliefs (witchcraft).
Ključne riječi
Carrara; the Counts of Krk (later Frankopani); kinship and affinity; political history; roads; witchcraft
Hrčak ID:
195438
URI
Datum izdavanja:
29.12.2017.
Posjeta: 1.063 *