Veterinarska stanica, Vol. 49 No. 1, 2018.
Pregledni rad
Adverse food reactions in dogs that affect the gastrointestinal system and skin
Korina Cavor
; Hrvatska agencija za hranu, Osijek, Hrvatska
Dalibor Potočnjak
; Veterinarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska
Nikša Lemo
; Veterinarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Adverse food reactions represent every undesirable and unpredictable type of reaction following the ingestion of any food allergen. In general, adverse food reactions are divided into immunologically mediated reactions – food allergies, and non- immunologically mediated hypersensitivity reactions to different food components – food intolerance. Food intolerance includes various types of reactions: food idiosyncrasy, food intoxication/poisoning, anaphylactic, metabolic and pharmacological food reaction. Typically, food intolerance elicits gastrointestinal manifestations, the most common of which include diarrhoea and vomiting. Food allergy mostly involves Type I (IgE-mediated) hypersensitivity responses, and skin lesions with intensive pruritus are the most common clinical manifestation of this reaction type. Non-seasonal pruritic disease with concurrent gastrointestinal signs always raises the suspicion of adverse food reactions. The most common ingredients that dogs are allergic to are those to which they are most commonly exposed: beef, chicken, corn, wheat and dairy products. It is often difficult for clinicians to diagnose food allergies in dogs for several reasons: presence of clinical
signs of other allergies or conditions, presence of secondary infections, incomplete and inaccurate history provided by the client, lack of available diagnostic tests. If a home-cooked diet trial is to be pursued, it will need to meet at least the basic nutritional requirements of the patient with regards to protein and carbohydrate content, and vitamin and mineral supplementation. Despite being time consuming and demanding a lot of effort from the dog’s owner, dietary elimination and challenge trials are still the most effective way of identifying a particular allergen and diagnosing food hypersensitivity. Long- term management of adverse food reactions, regardless of whether it is an intolerance or specific hypersensitivity, involves avoidance of the specific food. To be successful, thorough challenge trials to identify the offending food are required, as well as good communication and collaboration between veterinarians and pet owners. The prognosis for adverse food reactions is generally good once the disorder is correctly identified and treated with a dietary elimination trial.
Ključne riječi
intolerance to food; digestive tract; skin; dog
Hrčak ID:
222789
URI
Datum izdavanja:
11.2.2018.
Posjeta: 1.358 *