Sažetak sa skupa
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions
J. Banoczy
Sažetak
Oro-pharyngeal cancer is the fifth most common cancer in men, and the seventh in womne (sixth overall), with marked georgaphical variations. For this site, Hungary has the highest mortality rate among 46 countries, both in males and females, Croatia occupies the third place in male oro-pharyngeal cancer mortality. Since the mid 1960-s, a dramatic increase in mortality has been observed in all Centrall european countries. In Hungary, the oral cancer death rate has shown more that a five-fold increase within this time period. Tobaco use and alcohol consumption are the leading causes of oral cancer, and this relationship is clearly demonstrated in recentassessments. Although there has been a steady reduction in tobacco use in North America and Northen Europe over the past decades, this has not occured in Eastern and Southern Europe. In fact Poland, Greece and Hungary represent three nations with the highest per capita cigarette consumption among 111 countries worldwide, and this rate has increased over the past twenty years. The high level of alcohol consumption in countries with the leading mortality rates- especially Hungaryis also well known. The interaction and/or summation of smoking and alcohol consumption may play a role in augmenting the risk. The mortality in liver cirrhosis - generally linked with alcohol consumption - is in Hungary extremly high. Oral diseases attributable to smoking and/or alcohol consumption, such as oral cancer and oral leukoplakia, show a high prevalence in Hungary. A group of oral leukoplakias, more likely to develop oral cancer, has been defined based on long-term follow-up studies, where the speckled (erosive) type of leukoplakias showed the highest malignancy rate, and therefore could be considered as a risk group for oral leukoplakias. These sad statistics are there, in spite of the fact that oral cancer is accessible both for the eyes, as well as for the palpating hands. Therefore, the new Hungarian Health Program pays special attention to oral cancer, involving recommendations for primary prevention, as well as accentuating the role of the dentist and physician in secondary prevention enabling early diagnosis.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
2719
URI
Datum izdavanja:
15.9.2003.
Posjeta: 1.983 *