Izvorni znanstveni članak
Heating in medieval Burgs of Continental Croatia; Fireplaces, chimneys and tile stoves
Zorislav Horvat
Sažetak
Heating arrangements, which include hearths, fireplaces, tile stove and their chimneys, are a component of residential structures.
Very few hearths have ben preserved. Fireplaces are old arrangements, usually with a chimney to remove the smoke. Fireplace hods were plastic spatial elements and since the oldest days the greatest atention was paid to their appearance. They were usually in masonry, which was a fireprofmaterial. The chimney shaft ran up an extemal wall to simplify its extension to the roof and for rain protection. The placement of the fireplace depended on its purpose, the time when it was made and the shape of the room.
Tile stoves were a discovery of later centuries, and they did not completely oust fireplaces. On the contrary, they were connected. Increasingly larger romsand a higher standard of living resulted in the development and increasingly frequent construction of tile stoves in residential structures. Their origin should probably be sought in the clay stoves used by the common people, from which more elaborate tile stoves developed first in Austria and South Germany. The first tile stoves date from the second half of the fourtenth and from the fiftenth century. They were richly adomed and reflected the development of Gothic arhitecture and artistic craftwork. In Central Europe stoves developed under the influence of the royal work shops in Buda, Višegrad and Nyek, and the were designed by top artists.
Sixtenth-century defence towers of castles on the border towards the Turks probably had clay stoves with potshaped tiles because construction was limited by war conditions
lack of funds, and the relatively small area of these towers.
Medieval archaeological excavation shows that tile stoves existed everywhere and that they were part of the usual arrangements in residential structures.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
30772
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.6.1994.
Posjeta: 13.763 *