Pregledni rad
Strawberry Production Systems in France
J-P BOSC
; Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes, Bellegarde (France)
Sažetak
Strawberry has been a traditional culture in France for nearly three centuries. National production greatly decreased over the past fifteen years: from 82,000 T between 1990 and 1995, to 46,900 T in 2007. In the last five years, the surface regularly decreased from 3,780 ha in 2002 to 3,265 ha in 2007. The import/export balance shows a high deficit: more than 110,000 T are imported yearly, mainly from Spain and Morocco. Nearly all the production goes to the fresh consumption; only a very small percentage (1,300 T in 2007) is processed. Half the French production is sold between the end of April and early June, but the general picking period starts mid-February and ends in the first week of November. Four main areas totalise ¾ of the national production: South-West (39% in 2007), South-East (14%), Rhône-Alps (14%), and Loire Valley (11%). French national production is nowadays focused on quality and high prices, mostly based on French Junebearing cultivars (‘Gariguette’, ‘Darselect’), with a minor everbearer production during summer (‘Mara des Bois’, Charlotte’). Within thirty years, production systems moved from dominant open field system to dominant high tunnel systems, and to a lesser extent glasshouses (high tunnel glasshouses: 62% of the total surface in 2007). Open field and small tunnels are strongly decreasing each year, while high tunnels are increasing. Substrate culture in high tunnels and glasshouse is now estimated at about 400 ha, and is still increasing. The substrate culture enables the growers to produce “ten months a year”, while combining cultivars, type of plants and heating. New challenges for national production are pest and disease control, and labour costs. French production systems clearly evolve to more technical crop management, with tasty cultivars, to differentiate from cheaper imported strawberries.
Ključne riječi
France; production systems; strawberry
Hrčak ID:
37603
URI
Datum izdavanja:
15.4.2009.
Posjeta: 2.120 *