Medicina, Vol. 46 No. 2, 2010.
Pregledni rad
Diagnosis of heart disease by magnetic resonance imaging
Slavica Kovačić
orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-224X
; Klinički zavod za radiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Magneti c resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging technique that came into clinical use in the early 1980s. It is based on the principles of nuclear magneti c resonance (NMR) which was developed in the 1930s. Signifi cant advances were necessary to go
from the basic principles of NMR to generati ng images of the human body. Techniques were developed to localize the small amount of radio frequency (RF) energy generated from spinning hydrogen protons when a pati ent is placed in a strong magneti c fi eld. Image production today relies upon magneti c fi elds created by superconducti ng magnets and sophisti cated electronics which manipulate and process the RF energy. The fundamental challenges of
cardiac MRI imaging is the movement of the heart throughout the cardiac cycle and the movement of the lungs during the respiratory cycle which produce moti on arti facts in the image. Respiratory moti on can be alleviated with breath holding during imaging. The problem
of heart moti on can be solved with the use of ECG gated imaging. ECG gati ng allows for stop moti on imaging by acquiring data only during a specifi ed porti on of the cardiac cycle, typically during diastole. The R wave of the ECG is used as a reference point with data acquisition being initi ated following a given delay aft er the R wave. Images are created from data collected over a series of cardiac cycles (R to R intervals). These improvements have led to
recogniti on of cardiac MRI as the reference standard for the assesment of regional and global systolic functi on, detecti on of myocardial infarcti on, miocardial viability,and cardiac masses. In some centers cardiac MRI is emerging as the test of choice for the detecti on of ischemic heart disease,as well as for the initi al work-up of pati ents presenti ng with heart failure. This arti cle gives the review of indicati ons and procedures to perform cardiac MRI.
Ključne riječi
cardiac masses; cardiac MRI; ECG gating; myocardial inafrction; pericardial disease
Hrčak ID:
53164
URI
Datum izdavanja:
7.6.2010.
Posjeta: 10.626 *