Prethodno priopćenje

First Record of Oriental Chestnut GallWasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) in Croatia

Dinka Matošević orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-688X ; Hrvatski šumarski institut Jastrebarsko
Milan Pernek orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-6913 ; Hrvatski šumarski institut Jastrebarsko
Boris Hrašovec ; Šumarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu

Sažetak

Oriental chestnut gall wasp (DryocosmuskuriphilusYat su matsu) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is new invasive species in Europe and im portant pest on sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.). It is on quarantine species lists in Europe as well as in Croatia. The species originates from China and it was first introduced to Europe to Italy in 2002. It has also been recorded in Slovenia, France, Hungary and Switzerland. In May 2010. it was recorded in Croatia for the first time.
Oriental chestnut gall wasp has one generation per year (Figure 1). Adult wasps (only females are known) emerge from galls from mid June until the end of July and lay eggs in the buds. The wasp overvinters as early larval instar in buds and cannot be detected without large magnification lense. In spring when new shoots and leaves emerge the galls develop on the leaf midveins (Figure 2) or shoots. The galls, 5–20 mm in diameter, contain one or usually several cham bers with white larvae, later pupae. Young galls are green, later rose-coloured and can be easily detected on sweet chestnut shoots. Old galls are brown, wood-like and remain attached to the tree up to two years (Figure 3).
The spread of oriental gall wasp occurs mainly by transport of infected plant material (scions for grafting, plants for planting) into new areas. Lo cally, the wasps spreads by active flight or passive (aided by wind or human dispersal) transport.
The galls disrupt twig growth and reduce fruiting. Various authors consi der it as a seroius pest on sweet chestnut trees. Several control measures against this pest have prooved themselves uneffective. Pruning of infested shoots can be done in small orchards but this method is uneffective in forests. Some parasitoid species, e.g. Torymus sinensis, can reduce populations of oriental chestnut gall wasp and this species has already been introduced as biological control agent in Japan, Korea and Italy.
Oriental sweet chestnut gall wasp was first recorded in Croatia on 21 May 2010 in Lovran and after that in several other sweet chestnut forests (Table 1, Figure 5). According to the number of galls per shoot it can be estimated that on the localities Lovran, Samobor and Ozalj (single galls per leaf/shoot) the pest has recently been introduced. Localities in Zagreb had high infestation rates (numerous galls per leaf/shoot) and it can be estimated that the pest is here present since 2007 or 2008. The spread forecast for Croatia for the follo wing years is given. Intensive spread can be expected in all areas where sweet chestnut is grown, lower intensity in Istria, surroundings of Karlovac and Ba nija, and much higher intensity and quicker spread in Zagreb area, Hrvatsko zagorje and Samoborsko gorje. The trasport of infested planting material to uninfected zones (region of hills in Slavonia) shoud be strongly avoided.

Ključne riječi

damage; galls; quarantine pest; sweet chestnut

Hrčak ID:

60010

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/60010

Datum izdavanja:

31.10.2010.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 1.938 *