Empirical methods for converting rainfall rate distribution from several higher integration times into a 1-minute integration time in Malaysia

Abstract

The rapid development of the radio communications system, especially in developed countries, has drawn the attention of telecommunication systems engineers to explore the frequency band above the Ku-band. Because radio communication systems operating in the frequency band above the Ku-band (10 GHz) suffer from rain attenuation during rainy conditions, prediction of rain attenuation using a 1-min rainfall rate distribution is indeed vital. However, a 1-min rainfall rate distribution is not widely available compared to rainfall rate distributions with longer integration times. Therefore, a suitable conversion method is required to predict 1-min rainfall rate distributions of distinct integration times. This paper presents several conversion methods such as Segal, Burgueno et al., Chebil and Rahman, Joo et al., EXCELL RSC and LG. The Segal method provides an overall Root Mean Square (RMS) error below 5% at different integration times and is suitable to be used in Malaysia.