Selected indicators of effective fertilization of meadow grasslands

Abstract

The issues of nutrition and fertilization of meadow phytocenosis with the emphasis on the production effectiveness and economic effectiveness were observed at the low, medium and high intensity of fertilization using artificial fertilizers. The obtained results are based on the research of valley meadows (series A), mountainous meadows (series B) and semi-natural and additionally sown and ploughed mountainous meadows (series C). In series A, in the observed period, the production effectiveness reached 14.93–23.76 kg of hay and the economic effectiveness reached 1.07–1.43 €. The higher production effectiveness and economic effectiveness are produced by doses of nutrients in the ratio N : P : K – 1 : 0.35 : 0.5. The highest production effectiveness and economic effectiveness were determined in variants fertilized by lower doses of artificial fertilizers (variants 7 and 12). The influence of PK and NPK nutrients on the production effectiveness and economic effectiveness of fertilization of different grasslands in different altitudes was observed in series B: the higher the altitude (from 350 to 850 meters above the sea level), the lower the indicators of production and economic effectiveness of artificial fertilizers. In series C, the loss of phosphoric and potassic nutrition is represented by higher inputs than outputs. Semi-natural grasslands and ploughed grasslands fertilized by medium and high intensity of NPK fertilizers (var.3–90 N kg*ha-1 + PK a var.4–180 N kg*ha-1 + PK) are economically effective.