USPOREDNI PREGLED PRAVNOG STATUSA NACIONALNIH KRIPTOVALUTA I CBDC-A
ZAKONSKO SREDSTVO PLAĆANJA ILI SAMO JOŠ JEDNO SREDSTVO PLAĆANJA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25234/pv/27044Ključne riječi:
virtualne valute, CBDC, plaćanje, sredstvo plaćanja, digitalni euroSažetak
Ovaj rad analizira pravni okvir nacionalnih virtualnih valuta i takozvanih digitalnih valuta središnje banke (CBDC) iz perspektive komparativnog prava. Autori definiraju značenje pojmova „sredstvo plaćanja“ i „zakonsko sredstvo plaćanja“ te utvrđuju pravne posljedice uvrštavanja pojedinih sredstava plaćanja u zakonsko sredstvo plaćanja. Nadovezujući se na to, autori ističu nova dostignuća u području suverenih virtualnih valuta i analiziraju njihov razvoj kroz komparativnu pravnu analizu različitih nacionalnih virtualnih valuta. U tom kontekstu, autori predstavljaju njihov razvoj u različitim afričkim državama, posebno ističu inicijativu Venezuele za uvođenje prvog državnog kripto tokena te prve pilot-projekte CBDC-a u Urugvaju i Kini. Pri tom se posebno razmatra uvođenja CBDC-a u EU-u. Na temelju provedene analize tih sustava, posebno se ističu problemi u vezi s privatnošću, zaštitom korisnika i učinkovitom regulacijom platnih transakcija, a sve u cilju otklanjanja pravnih izazova koji bi se mogli pojaviti pri uspostavi potpuno funkcionalnog (nad)nacionalnog digitalnog eura (CBDC-a).
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