THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS POLICY IN SLOVAKIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30925/slpdj.2.1.6Keywords:
Sports, Policy, Slovakia, Public Authorities, Sports OrganisationsAbstract
The article provides the first overview of the sports ecosystem and the development of sports policy in Slovakia. It reviews how sports policy has evolved across different periods and under varying political structures. The paper is organized around specific policy areas, linking the historical overview, major sports actors, and main strategic directions into a cohesive structure. In addition, major trends and challenges are discussed. The funding scheme will be elaborated thoroughly as it represents both a complex process and a contribution to the uniqueness of the sports ecosystem in Slovakia. The concluding remarks indicate a lack of coordination at the horizontal level within the public sector and in efforts to coordinate with the sub-national level in utilizing available resources for the development of sports in Slovakia.
References
Association of Sports for All of the Slovak Republic. “Program“. Accessed October 10, 2023. http://aspv.sk/aspv-sr/program/.
Begović, Marko. “Corruption in sports: Lessons from Montenegro“. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 58, no. 1 (2022): 126-145. https://doi.org/10.1177/10126902221094186.
Begović, Marko. “The development of sport policy in Montenegro“. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 12, no. 2 (2020): 321-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2020.1719186.
Begović, Marko. Sports Policy and Politics in the Western Balkans. London: Routledge, 2024.
Benko, Martin. “Vláda povedala, kedy vznikne nové ministerstvo športu a cestovného ruchu“, Accessed October 10, 2023. https://sita.sk/vlada-povedala-kedy-vznikne-nove-ministerstvo-sportu-a-cestovneho-ruchu/.
Bergsgard, Nils, and Hilmar Rommetvedt. “Sport and Politics: The Case of Norway“. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 41, no. 1 (2006): 7-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690206073146.
Dukla Military Sports Centre. “Športy“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.dukla.sk/.
Dušek, Rudolf. Sport v Československu. Praha: Olympia, 1983.
European Commission. “Slovakia“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://portal.cor.europa.eu/divisionpowers/Pages/Slovakia.aspx.
Gábriš, Tomáš. “The Status of Professional Players Between Self-Employed and Employee Status: State of the Art in Slovakia and In East-Central Europe“. Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci 41, no. 3 (2020): 847–863.
Gajdošová, Martina, and Soňa Košičiarová. Sloboda združovania – verejnoprávne a súkromnoprávne aspekty. Trnava: Slovenská akadémia vied, 2019.
Garamvölgyi, Bence, Marko Begović, and Tamás Dóczi. “Sport Diplomacy in Hybrid Regimes: The Cases of Hungary and Montenegro.” Journal of Global Sport Management, 2021, 1–18. 10.1080/24704067.2021.2008804.
Government office of the Slovak republic. “Poskytovanie finančných prostriedkov z rozpočtovej rezervy predsedu vlády SR“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.vlada.gov.sk/poskytovanie-financnych-prostriedkov-z-rozpoctovej-rezervy-predsedu-vlady-sr/.
Greguška, Ivan, and Michal Šarlák. “Analysis of sport support through self-governing regions and local governments in Slovakia“. Comparative European Research 2022, 63-67. London: Scieemce Publishing, 2022.
Greguška, Ivan. “Vzorec na výpočet príspevku uznanému športu: Náhrada subjektívneho rozhodovania politikov a priestor na neustále zlepšovanie výpočtu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. http://www.ucps.sk/VZOREC_Nahrada_subjektivneho_rozhodovania_politikov_a_priestor_na_neustale_zlepsovanie_vypoctu.
Grexa, Jan. Míľniky slovenského športu. Bratislava: Slovenský olympijsky výbor, 2018.
KPMG. “Koncepcia financovania športu v Slovenskej republike“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.olympic.sk/sites/default/files/2021-01/KPMG-koncepcia-financovania-sportu-SR-2018.pdf.
Kolník, Peter. “Šport a právo: Zmeny v Občianskom zákonníku a ich vplyv na financovanie športu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.upjs.sk/sites/default/files/pdf/casopis/2017/10/95.pdf.
Križan, Ladislav. “Od hyperaktívneho štátu k štátu nevládnemu: história vzťahu štátu – športu – práva na území Slovenska“. Accessed October 10, 2023. http://www.ucps.sk/clanok-0-1455/Od_hyperaktivneho_statu_k_statu_nevladnemu_historia_vztahu_statu_%E2%80%93_sportu_%E2%80%93_prava_na_uzemi_Slovenska.html.
Laposová, Helena. “Metodika na výpočet podielu uznaného športu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.isamosprava.sk/clanky/metodika-na-vypocet-podielu-uznaneho-sportu/.
Lászlo, Péter. “The Romanian sport system: Paths to commercialisation“, in Sport, Statehood and Transition in Europe. London: Routledge, 2020.
Marušiak, Juraj. “The Paradox of Slovakia’s Post-Communist Transition“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/44863/the-paradox-of-slovakias-post-communist-transition.
Ministry of Defence of the Slovak Republic,“Detailný rozpočet v roku 2023.“ Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.rozpocet.sk/web/#/rozpocet/VS/kapitoly/0/kapitola/11/detail/f/2021/DEBT/FNC.
Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic, “Financovanie športu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.minedu.sk/financovanie-sportu/.
Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic. “Koncepcia športu 2022 – 2026“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.minedu.sk/data/files/11170_koncepciasportu2022.pdf.
Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic. “Národné športové projekty“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.minedu.sk/narodne-sportove-projekty/.
Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic. “Prieskum športu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.minedu.sk/data/files/11275_ipsos_sekcia_sportu_prieskum_sportov_2022_na_minedu.pdf.
Ministry of Investments, Regional Development, and Informatization of the Slovak Republic, “Návrh Vízie a stratégie rozvoja Slovenska do roku 2030 - dlhodobá stratégia udržateľného rozvoja Slovenskej republiky – Slovensko 2030 – nové znenie“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://mirri.gov.sk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SLOVENSKO-2030.pdf.
Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic. “Dotácie“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.minv.sk/?dotacie-1.
Morvay, Karol. Transformácia ekonomiky: skúsenosti Slovenska. Bratislava: Retro-print, 2005.
Office of the Government of the Slovak Republic. “Dotácie ÚV SR“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.vlada.gov.sk/dotacie/.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Správa o plnení úloh a súčasnom stave športu v SR“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.nrsr.sk/web/dynamic/Download.aspx?DocID=189402.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon č. 440/2015 o športe a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/2015/440/20210101.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o organizácii telesnej výchovy“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1956/68/19570101.html.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o štátnej starostlivosti o telesnú výchovu a šport“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1949/187/.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o Štátnom fonde telesnej kultúry“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1993/264/19940101.html.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o telesnej kultúre a o zmene a doplnení zákona č. 455/1991 Zb. o živnostenskom podnikaní (živnostenský zákon) v znení neskorších predpisov“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1997/288/20140201.html.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o telesnej kultúre“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1990/198/19900518.html.
Parliament of Slovak Republic. “Zákon o živnostenskom podnikaní (živnostenský zákon)“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1991/455/19980701.html.
Perényi, Szilvia. “Hungary“. In Comparative Sport Development Systems, Participation and Public Policy. New Zork: Springer, 2013.
Skille, Eivind and Redar Säfvenbom. “Sport policy in Norway“. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 3, no. 2 (2011): 289-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2010.547867.
Slovak Association of Basketball Clubs. “Stanovy Slovenskej basketbalovej asociácie“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://slovakbasket.sk/userfiles/file/Stanovy_2021.pdf.
Slovak football association. “Stanovy Slovenského futbalového zväzu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://mediamanager.sportnet.online/media/pages/f/futbalsfz.sk/2022/03/2022-02-25-ksfz-stanovy-sfz-novela-1.pdf.
Slovak ice hockey association. “Stanovy Slovenského zväzu ľadového hokeja“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.hockeyslovakia.sk/userfiles/file/Stanovy/STANOVY%20SZ%C4%BDH.pdf.
Slovak Olympic and Sports Committee. “Stratégia športu“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.olympic.sk/sites/default/files/2022-05/Sport_2030_Phase_II_PwC_v6.pdf.
Slovak sport portal. “Šport v rokoch (1945 - 1992)“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://sport.iedu.sk/Page/sport-v-rokoch-1945-1992.
Šimo, Marián. “Vláda dá do parlamentu sterilnú správu o športe“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.olympic.sk/clanok/vlada-da-do-parlamentu-sterilnu-spravu-o-sporte.
Šisolák, Jaroslav. “Aké je postavenie športu v slovenskej spoločnosti ?“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://futbalnet.tv/ake-je-postavenie-sportu-v-slovenskej-spolocnosti.
TASR. “Deklarácia slovenského športu 2023 pomenúva najpálčivejšie problémy. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.teraz.sk/sport/sosv-schvalil-deklaraciu-slovenskeho/717097-clanok.html.
UČPS. “Od hyperaktívneho štátu k štátu nevládnemu: história vzťahu štátu – športu – práva na území Slovenska“. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://beta.ucps.sk/od-hyperaktivneho-statu-k-statu-nevladnemu:-historia-vztahu-statu-%E2%80%93-sportu-%E2%80%93-prava-na-uzemi-slovenska.
Varmus, Michal, and Michal Šarlák. “Financovanie športu vyššími územnými celkami Slovenskej republiky; Prerozdeľovanie financií na šport v krajských mestách na Slovensku“. Magister Officiorum 2022, 6, no. 2.
Varmus, Michal, Milan Kubina, Gabriel Koman, Patrik Ferenc. “Ensuring the Long-Term Sustainability Cooperation with Stakeholders of Sports Organizations in Slovakia“. Sustainability 10, no. 6 (2018): 1833, https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061833.
Varmus, Michal, Milan Kubina, Martin Mičiak, Michal Šarlák, Patrik Klampár. “Education and Knowledge in the Field of Sponsorship and General Funding of Sports Infrastructure“. Economic and Social Development 2023, 91, 128.
Varmus, Michal, Viliam Lendel, Jakub Soviar, Josef Vodák, Milan Kubina. “Sports Sponsoriing - Part of Corporate Strategy“. Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 18, no. 11 (2016): 36-41. 10.26552/com.C.2016.1A.36-41.
Wrobel, Dieter. Zlatá kniha socialistického sportu. Praha: Olympia, 1979.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Michal Varmus, Marko Begovic, Martin Mičiak, Michal Šarlák, Milan Kubina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
