Arhivski vjesnik, No. 40, 1997.
Pregledni rad
Archival education - Comparative review of archival education in different countries
Miljenko Pandžić
Sažetak
All developed and developing countries have been increasingly interested, during last decades, to amplified participation of archival service and universities in the education of various archival professionals. International congresses on archives that are held every four years were always places to discuss archival education. The XIst, XIInd and XIIIth Congresses have brought distinguished professionals' papers (ARCHIVUM, vol. 35, year 1988 and vol. 39 year 1992). International Council on Archives has established, in the year 1979, its Professional Education Council. The Council had organized several international seminars. Papers have been published separately, and in the review JANUS. Since in 1966 ICA’s secretary, Mr. Ch. Kesckemeti, is collecting data regarding the archival education worldwide. Thus "The List of Schools and Courses for the Professional Education for Archivists" have been published. In the year 1992 the List was updated, and "Directory of Schools and Courses of Professional Training for Archivist" were published by the ICA Section for archival education and training. Data related to 121 school and post-graduate studies, or 43 countries (5 continents). This magnificent study gives not only basic data like name and address of the school, but also curriculums, number of students, education of the lecturers and so on. It seems that every school has an average of minimum 5 or 10 graduate students every year. Also, the Directory reviews the schools' subjects, number of lectures, and relationship between the lectures and practices. Thus, every school orientation is visible: 1. Independence or autonomy of the archival study - sometimes with a separate courses for library and information studies. That is also one of the recommendations of the Symposium on archival education, Ljubljana, 1994: “6. ... There has to be uniformity between the program of the archival study (including additional archival sciences) and the balanced integration of new technologies (for data processing)”. 2. History of institutions or administration has to be lectured as well. 3. There is jointed realization that archival services would not be able to stop the destruction of the modern records medium, so continued training for the enlargement of the archivists' information science knowledge have to be established. Archivists do point out that arrangement of the automated records means "protection and arrangement of the information carriers" and not the arrangement of the information (that is other professions' task). "Therefore an archivist is no information manager, at the very most he is a manager of information carriers" writes Hartmut Weber. He also points out that universities are unable to follow rapid technological changes, so the emphasis must be put on the continuous training. 4. There has to be certain balance between the study of theory and practice. Although there are differences between schools (in the Netherlands it is 80% of practice, and only 20% in some other countries) the most common proportion is 60% of theory and 40% of practice. 5. Wherever it is possible autonomy post-graduate study of archives has to be established. "Archivaria," spring 1995, number 39, carries excellent list of Canadian students 60 master's theses by Robin Willy. 6. It is important that every school has at least some subjects about the modern records management. Thus graduate students find jobs not only in national and business archives, but also in various government institutions. 7. International congresses have pointed out that curriculums have to be more flexible. Archival science is separate and independent one, so the archival study has to be similar. One of the XIII. Archival Congress, Beijing, China, recommendations regarding archival education is: "To foster the study of archives as a separate discipline ...".
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
11057
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.3.1998.
Posjeta: 1.723 *