Revija za sociologiju, Vol. 6 No. 1, 1976.
Pregledni rad
Values as Basis of Sociability and Humanity Respectively
Zinka Venta
; Fakulteta za sociologijo, politične vede in novinarstvo Ljubljana, Titova 102
Sažetak
Being the product of man’s experience (externalization), society represents objective reality (objectivization) with man as its product (internalization). The essential element of that dialectic consists in the evaluation, and by means of the evalution man externalizes his own signification — social values. In the process of objectivization, values get transformed into standards and regulations (they get institutionalized), and in that way they regulate human behavior in the direction of conformity or they function as an inner initiator. The author warns that the formation of man’s value orientation does not depend only upon social and class relations, social system and their character of culture, but it also depends upon man as a self-creator.
The author primarily deals with the question: what values represent basis of sociability and humanity? She answers: those ones comprised by man as an integral personality, or as the subject of his existence. Man does not become realized as an integral personality in highly developed industrial society. It is clear that in such a society the values, he is subjected to, are the same ones his product is being subjected to. But in the process of the break down of self-confidence, in the shadow of oligarchic collectivity, that man also lives with values and is offered a possibility to solve the historic conflict between an individual and the society. The problem lies in the fact that his conscience does not appear to have the form of resistance against the existing limits of the man’s liberty. In the situation of the mass conformity, an individual accepts patterns of one-dimensionality, of his own transformation into the object of mass industrial consumption and leisure time; he accepts absolute subjection to the political authority etc. In other words, technical progress, by means of its instrumentalism, has overturned old values, and since the new ones have not been yet formed, man pays greater attention to the present time and chooses what does not ask for risk and responsibility, in other words he chooses something that offers pleasure.
Socialism, as a process of liberation and universal development of personalities that re-establish alienated sociability in themselves, presupposes realization of man as an integral personality. The condition of socialism and integral personality is the realization of self-management as a value, that is, and individual is suppose to internalize self-management and subjectively meet with the barriers of its realization as though they were possible to be overcome. Self-management in Yugoslavia, a being introduced by means of the legal standard, should be internalized in order to become a value. But internalization depends upon social practice, and the split between normative democratic and real oligarchic distribution of social power renders that internalization impossible or distorts it. Consequently, possibility for the participation in self-management is not seen as an element of the system of real social action, but as an institutional system.
Economization of social conscience has taken place in Yugoslavia and consequently that reflect as a pragmatic demand for the economized self-management; in other words domination of functional upon human aspects of self-management becomes prevalent. The process is emphasized by the processes of industrialization and urbanization with their instrumentalism. But the process of the self-managing deideologization does not tell us about asocialistic valuable orientation. Problems of value orientation in Yugoslavia result from the varieties and low indication of social values, coincidence and mutual blockade of modern and socialistic as well as traditional values etc. and particularly from the characteristic valuable dualism that has expressed itself in a constant oscillation between organicism and volunteerism, in the gap between values and reality.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
156253
URI
Datum izdavanja:
31.3.1976.
Posjeta: 2.081 *