Medicina, Vol. 43. No. 1, 2007.
Pregledni rad
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE - THE LEADING MEDICAL PROBLEM AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY
Arjana Tambić Andrašević
; Klinika za infektivne bolesti "F. Mihaljević" Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Development of antibiotic resistance jeopardizes not only our ability to treat classical infectious diseases but it also threatens progress in many fields of medicine. Many invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have developed due to our ability to prevent and treat infective
complications with antibiotics. The World Health Organization has, therefore, stated the control of antibiotic resistance to be one of its priorities and the European Union Council has put a request to all the Member states to combat antibiotic resistance. The ability of bacteria to adapt to their environment is huge and many resistance mechanisms have evolved so that there is no antibiotic to which resistance has not emerged. The major clinical problems include: pneumococcal resistance to penicillin and macrolides, mehticillin and multiple resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), enterobacteriaceae resistant to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. Antibiotic resistance control should be based on local antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption
surveillance, education of physicians and patients on rational antibiotic use and infection control in the community (vaccination) and hospital setting (nosocomial infection control). Rapid microbiological diagnostics contributes to the rational approach to antimicrobial use by enabling accurate and timely diagnosis. In Croatia national antibiotic resistance data are available since
1996, antibiotic consumption data expressed in defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants daily (DDD/TID) since 2001 and in 2006 development of national guidelines on antimicrobial therapy has been initiated.
Ključne riječi
Antibiotic resistance; resistance surveillance; control of the resistance spread
Hrčak ID:
23330
URI
Datum izdavanja:
20.3.2007.
Posjeta: 7.018 *