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Serum electrolyte concentrations in highly trained young athletes

Nickolay Boyadijev ; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Higher Medical Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Zdravko Taralov ; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Higher Medical Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Sažetak

Many studies suggest that intensive physical activity for a long period of time influences the serum electrolyte profile in adults. However, few studies are dedicated to the effects of long and intensively practiced sport during the pubescence on serum electrolytes. The aim of this study was to assess the serum concentrations of the basic electrolytes (K, Na, Cl, Ca, and PO4) in highly trained pubescent sportsmen of different sports and to compare the results obtained with those of a control, non-trained group. Subjects: 845 highly trained athletes (age: 14.01+0.06 years; sports practice: 3.44+0.06 years) were investigated. The group has been divided into 7 subgroups in accordance with the practiced sport: athletics, swimming, rowing, wrestling, weight lifting, games, and other sports. The control group consisted of 348 non-trained subjects (age: 14.58+0.09 years). Methods: The serum concentrations of K, Na, Cl, Ca, and PO4, were measured in blood samples in accordance with the EPTRV and IFCC rules. The data were presented as X+SEM, and ANOVA-factorial analysis was carried out in order to value the significance of the found differences. Results and Discussion: The trained group manifested lower (p<0.001) serum K concentration than the non-trained one (4.68+0.02 mmol/l vs. 4.91+0.02 mmol/l), lower (p<0).001) Na concentration (144.21+0,12 vs. 146.17+0.21 mmol/l), and lower (p<0.001) Cl concentration (104.72+0.13 vs. 108.45+1.27 mmol/l). On the other hand, higher (p<0.01) Ca and higher (p<0.05) PO4, concentrations in the blood samples were found obtained from the highly trained pubescent sportsmen in comparison with the samples from the control group (2.40+0.01 vs. 2.36+0.01 mmol/l, and 1.19+0.01 vs. 1.15+0.02 mmol/l respectively). The lowest K concentration was found in the swimming subgroup - 10.8% below the control group (p<0.001), followed by the wrestling and weight-lifting subgroup - 5.1% below the control group (p<0.001). Swimmers had the lowest Na serum concentrations - 2.8% below the control group (p<0.001), and those who practiced athletics had the lowest Cl serum concentrations - 4.7% under the control group (p<0.001). The highest Ca serum levels were found in the weightlifters - 4.4% above the controls (p<0.001). The serum PO4 concentrations in swimmers were found to be 14.8% higher than in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The evidence of this study suggests that the long-lasting, high-intensive sports training during the age of pubescence affects the blood electrolyte homeostasis. The type of the practiced sport is important for the degree of deflection in the K, Na, Cl, Ca, and PO4, serum concentrations.

Ključne riječi

exercise, serum electrolytes, sportsmen, pubescence

Hrčak ID:

256713

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/256713

Datum izdavanja:

29.4.1999.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: njemački

Posjeta: 715 *