Acta clinica Croatica, Vol. 61. No. 3, 2022.
Professional paper
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2022.61.03.16
Urine Cytology and Axillary Testing for Interpretation and Follow-Up of Urinary Tumors
Alexandra M Kalogeraki
; Departments of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Dimitrios I Tamiolakis
; Departments of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, University Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Charalampos K Mamoulakis
; Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Abstract
Microscopic appearance of cells in urine cytological samples is the formal diagnostic
approach adjunct to cystoscopy for the detection and follow-up of urinary tumors. However,
cystoscopy is a surgical method and cytology may miss low-grade papillary tumors. Several assays and
markers have been developed to assist in this. When combined with conventional cytology, uro-oncological
diagnostic performance is improved. We review the value of these non-invasive modalities in
comparison with urine cytomorphology in the work-up of urothelial malignancies.
Keywords
Urinary Neoplasms; Cytology; Tumor markers
Hrčak ID:
296158
URI
Publication date:
1.11.2022.
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