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Advances in Civil and Architectural Engineering, Vol. 14 No. 26, 2023.

Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.13167/2023.26.6

REMOVAL OF FLUORIDE FROM DRINKING WATER THROUGH LOW-COST TECHNIQUES

Hira Ishtiaq ; UOL, Civil Engineering Technology, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
Norheen Amina ; UOL, Civil Engineering Technology, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
Amina Irfan ; UOL, Civil Engineering Technology, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
Habiba Mohsin ; UOL, Civil Engineering Technology, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
Ahsan Shahbaz ; Pak Safety Solution, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan

Full text: english PDF 433 Kb

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Abstract

Fluoride ions (F-) from natural sources or industrial wastewater are the main cause of many pathological conditions in people living in more than 25 countries. Thus, removing F- from drinking water is pivotal for preventing serious health consequences. The WHO recommends a limit of 1,5 mg/L for fluoride in drinking. Excessive amounts of fluoride in drinking water are prevalent in Pakistan, leading to related health risks. Low-cost techniques for the defluoridation of drinking water can be used. In this study, the removal of fluoride from drinking water by an adsorption method using low-cost materials/adsorbents, such as marble chips, wheat husks, rice husks, egg shells, concrete, fuller earth, fly ash, freshly fired bricks, and charcoal, at different contact times and different bed thicknesses were investigated. A batch sampling technique was used for sample collection. On average, marble chips, wheat husks, rice husks, egg shells, concrete, fuller earth, fly ash, freshly fired bricks, and activated charcoal (rice husk) resulted in 71,99 %; 90,99 %; 66,73 %; 90,99 %; 63,30 %; 71,99 %; 22,60 %; 49,67 %; and 90,13 % fluoride removal, respectively. Therefore, defluoridation using these materials is desirable. The performance of adsorbents depends on parameters such as contact time, depth of the adsorbent media, and pH. The bed thickness of the adsorbent has a minor effect on fluoride removal. The major contributors to fluoride removal from water are contact time and adsorbent composition.

Keywords

defluoridation; drinking water; adsorption; low-cost adsorbents; waste materials

Hrčak ID:

299319

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/299319

Publication date:

30.6.2023.

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