Original scientific paper

Alterations in antioxidant and pro-oxidantbalance in preeclampsia – impact on erythrocyte osmotic fragility

Mohd Suhail ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad; Allahabad, India; City Nursing & Maternity Home Research Center, Allahabad, India
Mohd Faizul Suhail ; City Nursing & Maternity Home Research Center, Allahabad, India
Hina Khan ; City Nursing & Maternity Home Research Center, Allahabad, India

Abstract

Objectives: To valilate the utility of both pro- and antioxidative stress markers along with erythrocyte osmotic fragility profile in preeclamptic patients compared with normal controls. The levels of nonenzymatic and enzymatic pro- and antioxidative parameters were determined and compared.
Methods: In the present study, we compared two groups of pregnant women: 27 women with severe preeclampsia and 25 normotensive healthy women as a control group. Blood levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid, and of antioxidant enzymatic parameters of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRx) and catalase activities were determined by respective laboratory methods and compared to evaluate alterations due to preeclampsia.
Results: In preeclamptic women, the levels of the oxidative markers MDA and GSSG were increased by 33% (P = 0.001) and 19% (P = 0.001), respectiv ly, whereas erythrocyte GSH was decreased by 20% (P = 0.001). The level of uric acid was increased by 36.5% (P < 0.001) as compared with normotensive healthy controls. An increase in osmotic fragility indicated decreased erythrocyte deformability in severe preeclampsia. During the development of preeclampsia, the antioxidant enzymes SOD, GRx and GPx lost 23.7% (P < 0.001), 21.9% (P = 0.014) and 14.5% (P = 0.109) of their activities, respectively. The only relief from oxidative stress was recorded in the catalase activity, which increased by 26.8% (P = 0.002).
Conclusions: We concluded that higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased SOD, GRx and GPx activities, and elevated levels of MDA and GSSG along with low GSH supported the hypothesis of higher oxidative stress in preeclampsia. Only the in creased catalase activity may have provided compensatory regulation in response to the increased
oxidative stress. We also concluded that the increased osmotic fragility of preeclamptic red blood cells suggested a loss in their membrane integrity resulting in their shortened life span.

Keywords

preeclampsia; nonenzymatic antioxidants and oxidants; enzymatic antioxidants; erythrocyte osmotic fragility

Hrčak ID:

27337

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/27337

Publication date:

6.10.2008.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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