Pregledni rad

https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.55.1.7

Pathology of canine herpesvirus infection

Marina Prišlin orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-2060 ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia *
Šimun Naletilić orcid.org/0009-0002-5805-9892 ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Valentina Kunić orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-7652 ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivana Lojkić ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Lorena Jemeršić orcid.org/0000-0002-8379-4787 ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Dragan Brnić orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-8337 ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Marko Hohšteter ; Veterinarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Nina Krešić ; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Croatia
Nenad Turk ; Veterinarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska

* Dopisni autor.

Sažetak

Canine alphaherpesvirus-1 (CHV) is a globally present virus causing infectious disease in dogs. The outcome of CHV infection depends significantly on the age and immune system development of the dog and occurs in two phases: lytic and latent. Due to the pantropism of CHV, lysis occurs in the endothelium and epithelium of various organ systems, causing necrohaemorrhagic inflammation and frequently death in immunodeficient puppies. Lytic infection produces reduced or silent symptoms in older, immunocompetent dogs, although it can occasionally be fatal. Clinical signs of infection appear in the ocular, reproductive, and respiratory systems. The most typical eye lesion is conjunctivitis, though other conditions such as ulcers, petechial haemorrhages, exudative blepharitis with crusts, and alopecia can also occur. When CHV affects the respiratory system, it can cause mild rhinitis, pharyngitis, and tracheobronchitis, as well as severe pneumonia. The virus is also frequently linked to infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs, or “kennel cough.” Although infection of the reproductive system is restricted to hyperaemia of the vagina or prepuce with hyperplastic lymphoid follicles and papulovesicular lesions, it is thought to be the most significant source of infection for puppies after birth. After the onset of clinical symptoms, CHV enters the latency phase in the nerve ganglia, where it remains in the host indefinitely. During times of stress and immunosuppression in dogs, the latent CHV virus can occasionally reactivate and establisha lytic phase, at which point it resumes replication and shedding. These CHV latency effects are a significant problem since the affected dog is permanently infected, cannot be bred, and is always a source of possible virus outbreak. Although death ensuing from CHV infection is the worst conceivable consequence, immunisation of pregnant females can protect newborn puppies and breeders from this outcome.

Ključne riječi

canine herpesvirus; canid alphaherpesvirus- 1; pathology; viral infection; dog

Hrčak ID:

301551

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/301551

Datum izdavanja:

2.7.2023.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 862 *