Review article

Type-2 Diabetes in Women/Metabolic Syndrome/ Insulin Resistance

Maja Cigrovski Berković

Abstract

Gender is involved in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The incidence of diabetes is higher in men than in women of reproductive age. Men are at a higher risk of developing insulin resistance and hyperglycemia compared to women, which is due, among other things, to differences in energy requirements, distribution and fat tissue quantity, sex hormones, sex chromosomes, fetal and neonatal programming, and epigenetic modifications. The protective effect of estrogens is lost in menopause, thus equalizing the risk of developing diabetes in women and men alike, while the after-effects of diabetes are more severe in women. The above is important to consider when monitoring and preventing diabetes in women, and in prescribing antidiabetic therapy.

Keywords

sexual dimorphism; energetics; glucose homeostasis; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; diabetes; diabetes complications

Hrčak ID:

328483

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/328483

Publication date:

27.2.2025.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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