Pregledni rad
https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2023.64.110
Cortical interneurons in schizophrenia – cause or effect?
Matija Vid Prkačin
; Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivan Banovac
; Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
*
Zdravko Petanjek
; Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Hladnik
; Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
* Dopisni autor.
Sažetak
GABAergic cortical interneurons are important components of cortical microcircuits. Their alterations are associated with a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and are thought to be especially important in the
pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Here, we reviewed neuroanatomical and histological studies that analyzed different populations of cortical interneurons in postmortem
human tissue from patients with schizophrenia and adequately matched controls. The data strongly suggests that
in schizophrenia only selective interneuron populations
are affected, with alterations of somatostatin and parvalbumin neurons being the most convincing. The most prominent changes are found in the prefrontal cortex, which is
consistent with the impairment of higher cognitive functions characteristic of schizophrenia. In contrast, calretinin
neurons, the most numerous interneuron population in
primates, seem to be largely unaffected. The selective alterations of cortical interneurons are in line with the neurodevelopmental model and the multiple-hit hypothesis
of schizophrenia. Nevertheless, a large number of data on
interneurons in schizophrenia is still inconclusive, with different studies yielding opposing findings. Furthermore, no
studies found a clear link between interneuron alterations
and clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on the
causes of changes in the cortical microcircuitry in order to
identify potential therapeutic targets.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
331520
URI
Datum izdavanja:
31.5.2023.
Posjeta: 427 *