Professional paper
ADHD in Adults: Definition, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Melita Ladika
orcid.org/0009-0007-0137-9306
; Private psychological practice Melita Ladika, Karlovac, Croatia
*
Valentina Ričković
orcid.org/0009-0002-2644-7049
; Center for Professional Rehabilitation Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is traditionally associated with the pediatric population, but an increasing number of studies confirm its presence and clinical relevance in adulthood as well. ADHD in adults often goes unrecognized due to the variable presentation of symptoms, high rates of comorbidity, and significant overlap with symptoms of other psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and mood disorders, personality disorders, and substance abuse disorders.
Aim: This review examines the clinical characteristics of ADHD in adults, with an emphasis on differential diagnosis and particularities in psychological assessment, as well as tretment.
Method: The research was conducted through a review of scientific literature from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Hrčak. Keywords used included "ADHD in Adults," "Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults," "Adult ADHD", "ADHD/ADD", “diagnosis”, “treatment”. Papers that provide data on prevalence, specifics of diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD in the adult population are included.
Results: The importance of a comprehensive diagnostic process is highlighted, one that includes clinical evaluation, both self- and informant-reported history, and objective psychodiagnostic methods. In the therapeutic approach, a combination of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapeutic interventions, and lifestyle adjustments is emphasized. Securing an accurate diagnosis is crucial for selecting appropriate interventions that can substantially improve daily functioning and quality of life.
Conclusion: Despite the challenges ADHD poses in adulthood, positive traits such as creativity, cognitive flexibility, and the capacity for original problem-solving are also acknowledged. A multidisciplinary approach remains the cornerstone of effective treatment and support for adults with ADHD.
Keywords
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; ADHD; adults; diagnosis; treatment
Hrčak ID:
332649
URI
Publication date:
30.6.2025.
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