Review article
https://doi.org/10.69827/bhdmi-34634
Medical Devices and Internet of Things: The Future of Patient Health Data Monitoring
Valentina Ješić
orcid.org/0000-0001-7947-5233
; University of Novo mesto Faculty of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Novo mesto, Slovenia; Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
*
Lucija Piškor
orcid.org/0000-0001-7947-5233
; “Dr. Ivo Pedišić“ General Hospital, Sisak, Croatia
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
The digital transformation of healthcare has enabled the development and application of the Internet of Things (IoT), which connects smart medical devices and sensors into networks for collecting, transmitting, and analyzing health data. IoT supports continuous patient monitoring, personalized care, and resource optimization while reducing costs. However, data security, privacy, and interoperability remain key challenges. A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases covering the period 2017–2024. Search terms included Internet of Things, smart medical devices, health data, data security, interoperability, telemedicine. A total of 22 peer-reviewed papers were analyzed, categorized into: a) IoT device applications (11 studies), b) data security and privacy (8 studies), and c) interoperability and technical challenges (3 studies). Relevant technical and regulatory documents (HL7, FHIR, GDPR) were also consulted. IoT devices enable real-time monitoring of vital functions, improve chronic disease management, and reduce hospital admissions. Examples include glucose sensors, smart bracelets, and remote monitoring systems. Major challenges include system fragmentation, lack of standardization, and cybersecurity risks. The adoption of standards such as HL7 and FHIR and advanced security protocols enhances interoperability and data protection. IoT technology holds great potential for modernizing healthcare, but its full implementation requires overcoming security and technical barriers. Key enablers include healthcare professional education, regulatory compliance, and stakeholder collaboration. The integration of standardized and secure solutions will improve healthcare system efficiency, accessibility, and quality.
Keywords
Internet of Things; smart medical devices; health data; data security; interoperability; telemedicine
Hrčak ID:
342580
URI
Publication date:
29.12.2025.
Visits: 340 *