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Tekstil : journal for textile and clothing technology, Vol. 75 No. 1, 2026.

Original scientific paper

Analysis of the surface roughness of woven fabrics

Rebeka Solomun ; University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Kalazić ; University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Palčić ; University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Zagreb, Croatia
Snježana Brnada ; University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Zagreb, Croatia *

* Corresponding author.

Full text: croatian pdf 552 Kb

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Full text: croatian pdf 554 Kb

page 7-13

downloads: 0

cite

Abstract

This paper analyzes the surface roughness of woven fabrics as a complex structural property arising from the interaction of constructional parameters, weave geometry, and the orthotropic nature of the woven structure. Special emphasis is placed on the objective quantification of roughness profiles in different measurement directions and on the interpretation of the obtained results in the context of structural symmetry and the diagonal geometry of fabrics. The experimental part was conducted using the Fabric Touch Tester (FTT), where seven woven fabrics with different weave types (plain, basket, rib, twill, and satin) were analyzed. All fabrics were produced from the same cotton yarn to eliminate the influence of raw material parameters. Measurements were performed in the warp direction (0°), weft direction (90°), and in rotated directions (45° and 135°), enabling the analysis of orthotropic behavior of surface roughness. The obtained raw profiles were further filtered and statistically processed, and roughness was quantified using the root mean square deviation parameter Rq. The results show that, despite the orthotropic nature of fabrics, surface roughness does not exhibit strictly orthotropic behavior. The highest Rq values were observed in the diagonal direction of 45° for all analyzed samples, regardless of weave type. Polar diagrams further confirm that structurally symmetrical weaves do not guarantee symmetrical distribution of roughness profiles. The obtained results highlight the necessity of multidirectional roughness measurement and indicate the limitations of interpreting surface properties exclusively in the principal construction directions.

Keywords

woven fabric; surface roughness; weave types; orthotropy

Hrčak ID:

350978

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/350978

Publication date:

9.9.2026.

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