Professional paper
COMPARISON OF CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS OF NIPPLE DISCHARGE WITH GALACTOGRAPHIC FINDINGS
Višnja Matković
; Klinika za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Zagreb, Petrova 13, Zagreb
Adem Hajredini
; Klinika za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Zagreb, Petrova 13, Zagreb
Vesna Mahovlić
; Klinika za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Zagreb, Petrova 13, Zagreb
Ana Ovanin-Rakić
; Klinika za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Zagreb, Petrova 13, Zagreb
Lada Škopljanac-Mačina
; Klinika za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Zagreb, Petrova 13, Zagreb
Abstract
Introduction. Nipple discharge is one of the symptoms of the breast cancer. Hemorrhagic discharge are always arousing suspicion for intraductal process (papilloma, carcinoma). The cytologic finding of red blood cells, atypical ductal cells and malignant cells in the discharge are indication for further analysis – including galactography. Objective. The aim was to show connection between colours of nipple discharge, cytologic findings and galactographic findings. Materials and methods. During the period January 1, 1993 and December 31, 2007 91 galactography were performed in Outpatient Clinic for breast disease, Department Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Zagreb. Galactography was performed after cytological analysis of the discharge. Indication for galactography was the presence of red blood cells and atypical duct cells or combination of both. During the reading we observed the width and irregularity of ducts branching together with analysis of the wall and defects of filling (charging) within the ducts. In case of some irregularities the patients were referred to the biopsy. Results. Discharge was divided into 5 categories according to the colour: colourless or serous discharge was found in ten patients (11%), the same number had milky discharge, the largest number, 29 (31.8%) had coloured discharge (greenish, brownish, yellowish) and in 2 (2.2%) purulent discharge was found while in 40 (44%) patients the discharge was bloody. Cytological analysis gave the following results: red blood cells alone were found in 18 (19.8%) of the patients, papillary hyperplastic duct cells were found in 19 (20.8%) of the discharges and tight papillary clusters with anisocytosis were found in 7 (7.8%) patients and in 47 (51.6%) patients together with red blood cells, tight papillary cluster cell groups were found. Galactographical findings were divided into three categories: normal (19 patients – 20.8%), hyperplasia – proliferation of ducts with roughness of the wall (56 patients – 61.6%), and suspicious – defects in filling of the duct, tumours (16 patients – 17.6%). Patients with suspicious findings, 16 of them, were referred to surgery. Pathohisiological finding was papilloma in 4 (25%) of the surgical specimens, 10 (62.5%) had duct hyperplasia and carcinoma was found in 2 (12.5%) patients. Conclusion. Our results show good correlation between cytological and galactographical finding. It has been noticed that the presence of hyperplasia of duct cells in cytological smear is connected with hyperplasic changes of the ducts in 62.5% of the patients. In all 16 patients where red blood cells together with duct cells hyperplasia were found, cytological finding indicated to intraductal process, the finding was at the same time proven galactographgically as well.
Keywords
nipple discharge; cytology; galactography
Hrčak ID:
69961
URI
Publication date:
1.12.2010.
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