Original scientific paper

Quantitative-relational thought of croatian children and adolescents: psychometric analysis and developmental specificities

Mislav Stjepan Žebec ; Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar
Petar Fabijanić ; Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb
Iva Prvčić ; Pediatric clinic

Abstract

The objectives of the study were: (1) to give an overview of a less known developmental-psychological method of measuring quantitative-relational (Q-R) thought and it’s psychometric validation on a Croatian sample of children and adolescents; (2) to investigate hypotheses on developmental specificities of Q-R thought derived from a Three-level theory of the developing mind by A. Demetriou and colleagues (Demetriou i Raftopoulos, 1999; Demetriou et al., 2002). A pen-and-paper battery of Q-R thought tasks was administered on a sample of 420 children (197 females) in one elementary and one high school in Zagreb (84 pupils on average in 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 7th grade in elementary and 3rd grade of high school). The battery included three types of tasks – proportional reasoning, arithmetic and algebra - divided into four developmental levels. The psychometric properties of Q-R battery are very good: (1) discriminability on the whole sample is high since the average index of difficulty of 35 tasks is 0.52 (it increases as a function of school age as expected), and Ferguson’s Δ is 0,98; (2) reliability on original scores is high (Cronbach α = 0.92, split-half = 0.95), and when the variance of school age is controlled, the reliability is good (Cronbach α = 0.73, split-half = 0.82); (3) construct validity is very good (factor analysis, on raw data and data with the school age variance controlled, yields the structure that reflects basic determinants of construction and application of the instrument – type and developmental level of tasks and the time of completion – and accounts for 38% - 50% of the variance), content validity is high and criterion validity is acceptable (correlations with mathematic grades are 0.45). The increase of Q-R thought with school age and decrease of results with increased developmental level of tasks was confirmed. Moreover, differences in performance in three types of tasks were as expected – arithmetic is acquired first, then relational thinking and lastly algebra. Furthermore, the analysis showed no gender differences, while all interaction effects of gender, school age and developmental level of tasks on Q-R thought are explainable in terms of theoretical models of cognitive development and previous research in this field.

Keywords

quantitative-relational thought; psychometric properties; developmental and gender specificities

Hrčak ID:

82982

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/82982

Publication date:

15.6.2010.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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