Review article

Urinary tract infection in children: diagnosis, treatment and imaging

Ivona Butorac Ahel orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-7574 ; Klinika za pedijatriju, KBC Rijeka
Sanja Flajšman Raspor ; Klinika za pedijatriju, KBC Rijeka
Mirna Šubat Dežulović ; Klinika za pedijatriju, KBC Rijeka

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial disease occuring in infancy and particularly in females. The risk of UTI is increased with underlying urological anomalies, voiding dysfunction and constipation. A proportion of children with recurrent pyelonephritis are at risk of renal scarring and subsequent long-term complications such as proteinuria, hypertension, end-stage renal disease and pregnancy-related complications. The diagnosis of symptomatic, particularly febrile UTI necessitates 7 to 14 days of antimicrobial treatment without delay. After the first UTI, the objective of various imaging studies, including renal and bladder ultrasonography (US), voiding cystography (VCUG) and tehnetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy, has to identify urinary tract malformations and patients at risk for recurrent infections. Besides excellent prognosis in majority of children with UTI, the follow-up with prompt diagnosis and the treatment of recurrent febrile infections with intention to prevent subsequent renal damage is emphasized. The treatement with antimicrobial prophylaxis due to increasing bacterial resistance is the subject of numerous discussions awaiting final results of ongoing studies.

Keywords

children; diagnosis; imaging strategy; treatment

Hrčak ID:

84188

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/84188

Publication date:

4.6.2012.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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