Sociology and Space, No. 11-12, 1966.
Original scientific paper
Village and Town (Criteria of Differentiation)
Cvetko Kostić
Abstract
Differentiation of village and town in the modern society has become a very
difficult problem, because of the formation of various transitive forms of settlements
as a consequence of the ever increasing influence of the process of industrialization
and urbanization. Todate there are the following criteria for differentiation used by
different scientific disciplines: linguistic, historical, juridical, urbanistic, statistical,
socioprofessional, sociological and combined ones. Every one of them has its advantages
and defects. Very often this fact is overlooked as well as the fact that some old
criteria can not be applied, especially because of these reasons: the concept of village
and town changes in time and space, there is no identical viewpoints on the concept
of human society, many authors using already adopted terms put quite, a new social
contents into old patterns. This concerns also the conceptions of some sociologists,
such as F. Tönnies, W. Sombart, P. Sorokin and others.
Contemporary sociological investigations and social development prove that in
modern society there are not two but four patterns of human settlments: village,
town, urbanized settlement and conurbation. Especially the number and the significance
of urbanized settlements grow (workers colonies, suburban residential settlements,
mining colonies, etc), as well as conurbations. The conurbations are very
significant social phenomenon: according to their internal connections and the level
of links they can be technical and organic ones, and according to their pattern two
main t3qpes can be distinguished: Manchester and Ruhr.
Only the concrete sociological investigation can give the real answer to which
of these four categories every settlement belongs according to the domination of either
the process of urbanization or the process of ruralization.
Keywords
Hrčak ID:
118522
URI
Publication date:
27.6.1966.
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