Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.15255/CABEQ.2016.818
Functionalization of MWCNT by –SO3H and –COOH Groups and Their Application as Solid Acidic Catalysts for Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat
A. Shokuhi Rad
orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-0339
; Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
M. lotfinezhad
; Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
E. Ganjian
; Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
S. Afrashteh
; Department of Textile Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
H. Reza Ghorbani
; Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
Abstract
In the present research, the esterification of waste chicken fat (WCF) by two different homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. Sulfonate and carboxylate functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-SO3H, MWCNT-COOH) were applied as useful heterogeneous acidic catalysts during esterification of WCF. According
to the experimental results, sulfonate-modified MWCNT showed more effective catalytic activity than did carboxylate-modified MWCNT. It was found that free fatty acid (FFA) of WCF in the single stage esterification of WCF had decreased down to less than 1 % in the presence of 25 % MWCNT-SO3H catalyst (according to the amount of FFA), reactor temperature of 90 °C with contact time of 3 h, and methanol/FFA molar ratio of 30:1.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Keywords
waste chicken fat; biodiesel; MWCNT-SO3H; MWCNT-COOH; esterification; transesterification
Hrčak ID:
179833
URI
Publication date:
13.4.2017.
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