Review article

https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2017_179749

Adult neurogenesis – accent on subgranular and subventricular zone in mammals

Tanja Grubić Kezele orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-5263 ; Zavod za fiziologiju i imunologiju, Medicinski fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka
Ariana Fužinac-Smojver ; Katedra za temeljne medicinske znanosti, Fakultet zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka
Božena Ćurko-Cofek ; Zavod za fiziologiju i imunologiju, Medicinski fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka
Hrvoje Jakovac ; Zavod za fiziologiju i imunologiju, Medicinski fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka
Kornelija Turković ; Preddiplomski stručni studij fizioterapije, Fakultet zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka

Abstract

Tillrecently was assumed that neural cells stop dividing in early postnatal period of life, but last two decades large ammount ofresearches on that field proved contrary. There are evidences confirming existance of adult neurogenesis in most mammalian species, including humans.This process occurs spontaneouslyin physiological termsin two germinal brain regionscontaining neural stem cells; in subgranular zone of hippocampal dentate gyrus and subventricular zone of lateral ventricule.Neural stem cells in this germinal regions posses higher proliferative and differential capacity toward new future neurons, astrocytes and oligidendrocytes than neural stem cells from other regions in nervous system. Proliferative and regenerative power of this two niches has important role in brain adjustment to exterior stimuli during life which is called neuroplasticity. Germinal niches in brain are specific microenvironment in which close interaction of specific proneurogenic factors and resident neural stem cells and blood vessels form strictly controled conditions providing neuroblast and glioblast proliferation, differentiation, migration andmaturation and also survival and integration of newly created neuron or glial cell in existing brain sinaptic cirtuits. In case of harming this and other germinal brain centers different psichoneurologic disorders occur. Better understanding of germinal microenvironment function in human brainopens a new possibilities in neuroscience for creating a therapy based on adult neurogenesis manipulation through creating neurons “de novo”.

Keywords

dult neurogenesis; neural stem cells; subgranular zone; subventricular zone

Hrčak ID:

179749

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/179749

Publication date:

1.6.2017.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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