Review article

https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2018_203547

ESKAPE – bacteria that alert the world

Maja Abram orcid.org/0000-0003-4113-098X ; Klinički zavod za kliničku mikrobiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska
Ivana Škrobonja ; Klinički zavod za kliničku mikrobiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska
Damir Ambrožić ; Klinički zavod za kliničku mikrobiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska
Davorka Repac-Antić orcid.org/0000-0003-4496-7996 ; Klinički zavod za kliničku mikrobiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska
Marina Bubonja Šonje orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-3377 ; Klinički zavod za kliničku mikrobiologiju, Klinički bolnički centar Rijeka, Rijeka, Hrvatska

Abstract

Resistance to antimicrobial drugs jeopardizes the quality of medical care in the community and in the hospital environment. Bacterial resistance has been present since the beginning of the antibiotic period, but over the last twenty years it has a worrying increasing trend. Innate resistance is a permanent, genetic predetermined feature of some microorganism. Acquired resistance occurs unexpectedly, in a previously sensitive bacterium, by mutation, or more often by horizontal genes transmission by plasmids. Resistance does not always have to be completely genetically defined, but can be heterogeneous within the population, depending on the environment, bacterial population structure and physiological state of bacterial cell. Antibiotic selection pressure is an important factor in the selection and spread of resistant bacteria. Appearance of multiple resistant bacteria as a cause of the disease is particularly alarming. Such microorganisms, are commonly referred to as "super-bacteria", not because they are more virulent, but due to the narrowed choice of susceptible antibiotics. The final outcomes of infections caused by these microorganisms are uncertain and often disadvantageous. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to provide insights into bacterial resistance, resistance mechanisms to antibiotics and multi-resistant bacteria that present the greatest threat globally and locally, and are associated under the acronym ESKAPE.

Keywords

bacteria; entimicrobial drugs; ESKAPE; resistance

Hrčak ID:

203547

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/203547

Publication date:

1.9.2018.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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