Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/20.2.2136
Alloenzyme genetic characterization of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies from Bulgaria with different hygienic behaviour
Svilen Lazarov
; Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science-Nonruminants and other Animals, Section of Apiculture and Sericulture
Ivan Stoyanov
; Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Biological Faculty, Department of Developmental Biology, Section of Genetics
Vida Georgieva
; Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Biological Faculty, Department of Developmental Biology, Section of Genetics
Ivanka Zhelyazkova
; Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science-Nonruminants and other Animals, Section of Apiculture and Sericulture
Evgeniya Ivanova
; Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Biological Faculty, Department of Developmental Biology, Section of Genetics
Abstract
The genetic variability in 25 honey bee colonies from different regions of Bulgaria with different hygienic behaviour (highly hygienic, hygienic and non-hygienic) has been studied. Alloenzyme analysis of two systems (MDH-1 and Est-3) corresponding to 2 loci was used in order to characterize the colony polymorphism. Totally 1,150 worker bees were included in this investigation. MDH-1 locus was found to be polymorphic in all of the studied colonies, having two alleles – MDH-165 and MDH-1100. The Est-3 locus was fixed in ten of the investigated colonies. Polymorphism with total presence of four alleles of this locus (Est-380, Est-388, Est-3100 and Est-3118) was found in the other studied colonies. The calculated polymorphism was 50% in the non-hygienic and 100% in the highly hygienic and hygienic colonies. The observed and expected heterozygosities (Ho and He) ranged from 0.296 to 0.354 and from 0.28 to 0.332 in non-hygienic and highly hygienic groups, respectively. The calculated mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.32 and 0.307, respectively. The calculated Fst and Nm levels demonstrated lower differentiation between highly hygienic and hygienic colonies and higher differentiation between highly hygienic and non-hygienic colonies. Dissimilarities between levels of polymorphism, heterozygosity, Fst, Nm and allele frequencies in the studied groups of colonies with different hygienic behaviour were found and discussed. The results of the present study provide new information concerning relations between hygienic behaviour and alloenzyme characteristics which could be used for future selection with honey bees in Bulgaria.
Keywords
alloenzyme; Apis mellifera; genetic polymorphism; hygienic behaviour
Hrčak ID:
221564
URI
Publication date:
28.6.2019.
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