Veterinarska stanica, Vol. 49 No. 1, 2018.
Professional paper
Glanders - an almost forgotten zoonosis
Silvio Špičić
orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-5831
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Karine Laroucau
; Laboratory for Animal Health, Bacterial Zoonosis Unit, European Union Reference Laboratory for Equine Diseases/Glanders, Maisons-Alfort, Francuska
Maja Zdelar-Tuk
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sanja Duvnjak
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Željko Pavlinec
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Irena Reil
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Gordan Kompes
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Boris Habrun
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Maja Stepanić
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Darko Želježić
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Željko Cvetnić
; Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Abstract
Glanders is a contagious disease of horses, donkeys and their crossbreeds, though it is also known to infect carnivores, including humans. The disease is usually chronic and is manifested by the formation of specific nodes in skin, subcutaneous tissue, lungs and elsewhere. In Croatia, the last record of the disease was in 1961. In the archive of strains in the Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonoses at the Croatian Veterinary Institute, a lyophilisate marked B. mallei – Karlovac (5.2.1957) was found. As these specimens are exceptionally rare, the intention was to re-cultivate the strain and identify it with further standard and molecular tests, to confirm whether it was really Burkholderia (B.) mallei. The lyophilized isolate could not be cultivated using the described bacteriological procedures. DNA extraction from the sample of dissolved lyophilizate was performed and a concentration of extracted DNA was measured on the DS-11 Spectrophotometer (DeNovix,
USA). By amplifying B. mallei specific, 989- bp long, flip-IS407A region, it was possible to determine that the strain “B. mallei Karlovac 5.2.1957” belongs to the B. mallei species. According to the currently available data on molecular genotyping using high-resolution melting PCR method on 15 phylogenetically significant single nucleotide polymorphisms of B. mallei, the Croatian strain isolated in 1957 falls within the group of phylogenetically related strains from Italy, Hungary, Turkey and Iran from the same time period. Glanders is a classical, re-emerging bacterial zoonosis and a disease that knows no boundaries, both in the clinically unspecific and chronic forms of illness without visible symptoms, and in the fact that the cases of the disease in horses are still diagnosed today in countries with long- term disease-free status. The control of horses in international traffic is still necessary.
Keywords
Burkholderia mallei; Genotyping; Glanders; Croatia
Hrčak ID:
222791
URI
Publication date:
11.2.2018.
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